Evidence mapPaperPMID 41546009Full record

ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2026

Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with inflammatory markers and dysregulation of adipokines in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki, Aleksandra Klisic, Farshad Amirkhizi, Filiz Mercantepe

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Association of Genetic Variants inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Soudabeh Hamedi-ShahrakiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Aleksandra Klisic *Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro. aleksandranklisic@gmail.com.
Farshad Amirkhizi *Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Bagheri St., Shahid Rajaei St., Zabol, 9861615881, Iran. amirkhizi.f@gmail.com.
Filiz MercantepeDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.

Funding

Zabol University of Medical Sciences (ZBMU) IR.ZBMU.REC.1399.156
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTriglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has emerged as a reliable surrogate marker for insulin resistance and an early indicator of metabolic dysfunction. However, its association with inflammatory markers and adipokine dysregulation in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association of the TyG index with inflammatory biomarkers and adipokine profiles in adults diagnosed with MetS.

methodsThis cross-sectional study included 190 adults (aged 20-50 years) with metabolic syndrome (MetS), recruited from primary healthcare centers in Iran. We collected anthropometric and biochemical data, and calculated the TyG index, classifying participants into quartiles based on their TyG values. Fasting serum glucose (FSG), insulin, and lipid profiles were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). In addition, inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) long with serum levels of adipokines including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, vaspin, and omentin-1 were measured using standardized assays.

resultsHigher TyG quartiles were associated with increased levels of insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), TNF-α, leptin, and resistin, and decreased levels of adiponectin (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), IL-6, hs-CRP, visfatin, vaspin, or omentin-1. These associations remained significant even after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and physical activity.

conclusionOur findings suggest that the TyG index reflects not only insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia, but also low-grade inflammation and adipokine imbalance in patients with MetS. Due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, the TyG index could be a useful tool for early metabolic risk assessment and identifying adipose tissue dysfunction.

Indexed as

AdipokinesBiomarkersBlood GlucoseInflammationMetabolic SyndromeTriglyceridesAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInsulin ResistanceIranMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisAdipokinesBiomarkersBlood GlucoseTriglyceridesAdipokinesInflammationInsulin resistanceMetabolic syndromeTriglyceride-glucose index

Identifiers

PMID41546009
PMCPMC12892619

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.