Evidence mapPaperPMID 41546192Full record

ReviewInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2026

Understanding pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction at high altitude: A narrative review.

Víctor S Rangel, Juliana Malagón Castillo, Juan David Duarte, Mariana Abril Barreto, Alejandra Vivas Ramirez, José Alejandro Daza, Ángela María Ruiz-Sternberg

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Víctor S RangelInstituto de la Mujer, Hospital Universitario Mayor-Méderi, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5584-8224
Juliana Malagón CastilloUniversidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7146-6600
Juan David DuarteUniversidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9514-6505
Mariana Abril BarretoUniversidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4032-4843
Alejandra Vivas RamirezUniversidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5346-5847
José Alejandro DazaInstituto de la Mujer, Hospital Universitario Mayor-Méderi, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-3094
Ángela María Ruiz-SternbergInstituto de la Mujer, Hospital Universitario Mayor-Méderi, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4651-4635

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pre-eclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Both conditions are more frequent and severe at high altitudes due to physiological changes in oxygen availability and vascular adaptation. This narrative review explores the complex relationship between high-altitude pregnancy, the development of PE and FGR, and the underlying adaptive mechanisms that may influence maternal and fetal outcomes. We provide an updated synthesis of the current evidence regarding placental dysfunction, angiogenic imbalance, and oxidative stress in pregnancies at high altitude, highlighting the role of hypoxia-inducible factors, altered expression of sFlt-1 and PlGF, and their impact on trophoblast invasion and uteroplacental blood flow. The review also highlights genetic and physiological adaptations observed in permanent high-altitude populations that appear to mitigate these risks, including enhanced oxygen delivery, increased uterine artery diameter, and reduced placental vascular resistance. This review emphasizes the importance of considering geographic and environmental factors in pregnancy outcomes and calls for further research to better understand the mechanisms driving adverse outcomes at high altitude.

Indexed as

AltitudeFetal Growth RetardationPre-EclampsiaAdaptation, PhysiologicalFemaleHumansOxidative StressPlacentaPlacenta Growth FactorPregnancyPregnancy OutcomePlacenta Growth Factorfetal growth restrictionhigh altitudehypoxiamaternal adaptationpre‐eclampsia

Identifiers

PMID41546192
PMCPMC13278671

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.