Evidence mapPaperPMID 41548935Full record

ArticleKorean journal of family medicine2026

Lifestyle and family factors associated with childhood overweight: evidence from a case-control study in Indonesian schoolchildren.

Iche Andriyani Liberty, Laily Hanifah, Nur Alam Fajar, Pariyana, Fildzah Hashifah Taufiq, Resy Asmalia, Salsadilla Dwiffa Putri, Muhammad Irfian, Hamzah Hasyim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Korean journal of family medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Iche Andriyani LibertyDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia. icheandriyaniliberty@fk.unsri.ac.id.
Laily HanifahFaculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta, Jakarta, Indone.
Nur Alam FajarFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.
PariyanaDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.
Fildzah Hashifah TaufiqFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.
Resy AsmaliaFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Palembang, Indonesia.
Salsadilla Dwiffa PutriDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.
Muhammad IrfianDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.
Hamzah HasyimFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.

Funding

Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education Indonesia 090/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Childhood obesity is a growing health concern that increases the risk of cardiometabolic disorders. This study investigated family and lifestyle factors that contribute to overweight in schoolchildren. Methods: This case-control study of 1,016 children (6-12 years) in Palembang was conducted using questionnaires and anthropometry. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between selected variables and overweight, reported using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Frequent consumption of carbohydrate-rich foods, such as noodles or pasta, was associated with a higher risk of overweight (AOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.11-2.78; P=0.014). Limited protein 1 time per a day (AOR, 3.30; 95% CI, 2.00-5.43; P<0.001), flavored cow's milk (AOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.06-2.95; P=0.029), and snacking (≥5 times per week) (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.04-2.39; P=0.031) also increased the risk. Conversely, daily fruit consumption reduced the risk (AOR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45-0.95; P=0.027). Family-related factors such as formal maternal employment (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.06-2.33; P=0.023), eating together less than 5 times per a week (AOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.04-3.04; P=0.032), and not bringing lunch to school (AOR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.15-3.31; P=0.012) significantly increased the risk. Conclusion: Several factors are associated with overweight among schoolchildren, including high intake of noodles or pasta, limited protein consumption, flavored milk, frequent snacking, low fruit intake, maternal employment, infrequent family meals, and not bringing food to school.

Indexed as

ChildDietary PatternsFamily BehaviorLife StyleOverweight

Identifiers

PMID41548935
PMCPMC13424854

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.