Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41549237›Full record

ArticleBMC immunology2026

Establishment of age-specific reference intervals for peripheral blood SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR in healthy children.

Xiaodan Zhang, Yaohui Song, Minggang Yin, Liangjun Zhang

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Article in BMC immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiaodan ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
Yaohui SongDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
Minggang YinDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
Liangjun ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China. 287448695@qq.com.

Funding

High-Quality Development 2024 of The First People's Hospital of Zigong City 2024GZL03Zigong Key Science and Technology Plan 2023YKYXT01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo establish and validate age-specific reference intervals for the peripheral blood systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in healthy children.

methodsA total of 2106 healthy children undergoing physical examination at The First People’s Hospital of Zigong from April 2023 to February 2025 were enrolled. Blood cell parameters were measured using the XN-1000 hematology analyzer, and SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR were calculated. The non-parametric method was employed to establish the 95% reference intervals.

resultsNo statistically significant differences were observed in SII, NLR, PLR, or LMR between genders (P > 0.05). Participants were stratified into three age groups: 28 days to 2 years, 2 to 6 years, and 6 to 18 years. The established reference intervals for SII were 28.60 × 10⁹/L to 298.85 × 10⁹/L, 83.09 × 10⁹/L to 601.33 × 10⁹/L, and 140.02 × 10⁹/L to 657.19 × 10⁹/L, respectively, for the three age groups. The corresponding NLR reference intervals were 0.10–0.92, 0.35–1.88, and 0.57–2.30. PLR reference intervals were 29.39-115.15, 39.93-150.46, and 56.74-172.55. LMR reference intervals were 3.42–13.84, 2.81–13.03, and 2.41–10.56. A validation study conducted on 92 children from the Department of Child Health Care of the same hospital between April 2025 and September 2025 confirmed the applicability of these reference intervals. This indicates that the established reference intervals for peripheral blood SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR in children from the Zigong region are suitable for local clinical practice.

conclusionThis study is the first to establish reference intervals for NLR, PLR, SII, and LMR in children from the Zigong region, providing a basis for the assessment of inflammatory diseases in local pediatric populations.

Indexed as

Blood PlateletsInflammationLymphocytesMonocytesNeutrophilsAdolescentBlood Cell CountChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleSex FactorsLymphocyte-to-monocyte ratioNeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioPlatelet-to-lymphocyte ratioReference intervalsSystemic immune-inflammation index

Identifiers

PMID41549237
PMCPMC12927209

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.