ArticleKidney international reports2026
The Impact of Homelessness on Kidney Outcomes Among Adults With Diabetes.
Article in Kidney international reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Response to the Letter to the Editor Entitled "Beyond Access: How Homelessness Shapes Kidney Trajectories in Diabetes".Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Beyond Access: How Homelessness Shapes Kidney Trajectories in Diabetes Mellitus.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: People with diabetes experiencing homelessness face barriers to self-management, contributing to suboptimal glycemia and reduced screening for microvascular complications. The objective of the study was to assess whether a history of homelessness is associated with kidney-related outcomes among people with diabetes. Methods: A propensity-matched cohort study using administrative health data from Ontario, Canada, was conducted, including residents with diabetes who had ≥1 hospital encounter during the study period (2008-2020). Having a history of homelessness was identified using a validated algorithm. Outcomes of interest included nephrologist visits, reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), initiation of renal replacement therapy, and acute care visits for kidney-related ambulatory care-sensitive conditions. Negative binomial regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess outcomes. Results: Of 659,877 eligible people with diabetes living in Ontario, 3366 had a history of homelessness, with 2650 successfully matched to non-homeless controls. People with a history of homelessness had similar rates of nephrologist visits compared with those with no history of homelessness (rate ratio [RR] = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82-1.97), but had higher rates of hospitalization for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related conditions, including volume overload (RR = 3.13; 95% CI: 1.62-6.04), hyperkalemia (RR = 3.01; 95% CI: 2.07-4.39), and heart failure (RR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.62-2.63). They had a higher hazard of eGFR decline (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.56-1.88), and renal replacement therapy (HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.04-2.60) compared with nonhomeless controls. Conclusion: Homelessness is associated with higher rates of kidney-related adverse events in people living with diabetes, supporting the need for tailored approaches that reduce barriers to accessing diabetes care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.