Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41550657›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutical science advances2025

Discovery of a long-acting nanocrystal formulation of INND-2201, a new co-drug of pregabalin and palmitoylethanolamide with synergistic analgesic effects.

Xiao-Min Han, Yang Xiao, Chao-Nan Huang, Ming-Yue Yin, Ben Xu, Yang-Yang Song, Tao Zhuang, Gui-Sen Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutical science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Circular RNAs: key regulators in cancer stem cell dynamics.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xiao-Min HanJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Yang XiaoJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Chao-Nan HuangJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Ming-Yue YinJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Ben XuJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Yang-Yang SongJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Tao ZhuangJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
Gui-Sen ZhangJiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic pain is a global health problem affecting approximately 30% of the adult population worldwide. Currently available painkillers often showed limited efficacy or serious adverse effects and require frequent administration to maintain therapeutic effects. To develop new long-acting analgesics with synergistic antinociceptive effects, a new co-drug INND-2201 of pregabalin and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) was synthesized, characterized and prepared as a nanocrystal formulation. INND-2201 was slowly metabolized into pregabalin and PEA in microsomal stability test, and oral INND-2201 exhibited significant and synergistic antinociceptive effects for inflammatory and neuropathic pain with ED

Indexed as

Chronic painCo-drugNanocrystalsPregabalinSynergistic analgesic effects

Identifiers

PMID41550657
PMCPMC12709873

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.