ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
An integrative model of pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways in macrophage differentiation: the role of NF-
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Special Issue "Alcohol and Inflammation".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Monocytes are essential players of the innate immune response and adapt their functional states in response to different antigenic and cytokine environments. Integrating the complexity of monocyte intracellular signaling into a mathematical model can support the understanding of dynamic transitions that are crucial for immune regulation. Objective: To formulate a comprehensive mathematical model of monocyte activation, differentiation, and metabolic adaptation dynamics in response to a variety of stimulus and cytokine microenvironment. Methodology: The model comprises a 128-node complex regulatory network based on known components of monocyte activation signal pathways. Node interactions are described by continuous fuzzy logic rules, and includes signaling events induced by LPS, activating IgG immune complexes, ssRNA, and the IFN- Results: The model captures the dynamics of the main events rendering stable states corresponding to the M1, M2, M2b and M2c macrophage profiles. Results are compatible with the predominance of glycolysis in the M1 and M2b, and oxidative phosphorylation in the M2a and M2c responses. The model shows the convergence to the activation of the NF- Conclusion: The complex network approach presented here integrates diverse cytokine and antigenic signaling leading to macrophage responses. It supports a mechanism for the IFN-
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.