Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41551027›Full record

ReviewNorth American Spine Society journal2026

Do GLP-1 agonists affect perioperative risk in spine surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Favour C Ononogbu-Uche, Felix Toussaint, Abdullah W Saleh, Afnan Hassab E Siddig, Ramzy Ahmed, Karim Akl, Mostafa H Algabri, Mohamed Alwadai, Lauren Corliss, Norah Foster and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in North American Spine Society journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Favour C Ononogbu-UcheDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Felix ToussaintDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Abdullah W SalehDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Afnan Hassab E SiddigDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Ramzy AhmedDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Karim AklDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Mostafa H AlgabriDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Mohamed AlwadaiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Lauren CorlissDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
Norah FosterDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Wright State University, 30 E. Apple Street, Suite 2200, Dayton, OH 45409, United States.
Muhammad M Abd-El-BarrDepartment of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Room 5335 5 Floor, Orange Zone, Duke South, Durham, NC 27710, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is increasing among patients presenting for spine surgery, but their perioperative safety and impact on surgical outcomes, particularly pseudoarthrosis, remain uncertain. Methods: We conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD420251111692) of comparative studies enrolling adults undergoing any spine surgery, comparing perioperative GLP-1 RA use with no GLP-1 RA. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and EBSCO were searched through August 1, 2025. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias with ROBINS-I. Random-effects models were used for dichotomous outcomes, reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Meta-analyses were performed when at least 3 studies reported a given outcome, and outlier studies were excluded from sensitivity analyses. Results: Thirteen retrospective cohort studies were included. Across cohorts, baseline characteristics were broadly similar between GLP-1 users ( Conclusions: In adults undergoing spine surgery, perioperative GLP-1 RA use appears safe and is associated with a nonrobust, lower risk of pseudarthrosis, with no consistent differences in infection, wound, neurologic, thromboembolic, pulmonary, or utilization outcomes. Given confounders and retrospective designs, prospective, agent-specific studies are needed to validate fusion benefits and refine perioperative management.

Indexed as

DiabetesGlucagon-like peptideMetabolic optimizationObesityPerioperative safetyPseudoarthrosisSpine surgery

Identifiers

PMID41551027
PMCPMC12811479

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.