ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2026
Associations between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations and β-cell function and insulin resistance in adult females.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Associations between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations and β-cell function and insulin resistance in adult females.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextEpidemiological evidence of exposure to precursor and alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and metabolic health outcomes is lacking.
objectiveTo quantify associations between concentrations of 31 PFAS and metabolic biomarkers of glucose homeostasis and β-cell function.
methodsWe used data from a 2018-2021 follow-up of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study, which included measurements of serum concentrations of PFAS and metabolic biomarkers in samples provided by 274 adult female participants. Our primary outcomes were composite measures of pancreatic β-cell function (proinsulin:insulin [PI:INS] and proinsulin:C-peptide [PI:CP] ratios) and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] and triglyceride-glucose [TyG] index). We used multivariable linear regression models to quantify the percent difference in outcome measures. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with >50% detection (n = 17) were log2-transformed; PFAS with 10-50% detection (n = 14) were dichotomized at the limit of detection. We used quantile g-computation (qgcomp) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to evaluate PFAS mixtures. We also modeled arithmetic sums of 17 PFAS detected in >50% of participants (Σ17PFAS) and 7 PFAS specified in the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine report (Σ7PFAS).
resultsEach doubling of Σ7PFAS, PFOS, and PFHxS was associated with a 5-9% increase in PI:INS ratio. Σ7PFAS, but not the Σ17PFAS, was also positively associated with the PI:INS ratio in qgcomp models. We observed inverse associations between Σ7PFAS and HOMA-IR and fasting insulin. Many results were of small magnitude or imprecise.
conclusionIn this cross-sectional analysis, exposure to certain legacy, alternative, and precursor PFAS were associated with β-cell dysfunction.
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