Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41554111›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2026

Associations between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations and β-cell function and insulin resistance in adult females.

Jana Palaniyandi, Jennifer E Bruin, Mandy Fisher, Michael M Borghese, Myriam P Hoyeck, Constadina Panagiotopoulos, Mireille Guay, Jillian Ashley-Martin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jana PalaniyandiDepartment of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.ORCID 0009-0005-3956-553X
Jennifer E BruinDepartment of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.
Mandy FisherEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.ORCID 0000-0003-4656-3813
Michael M BorgheseEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.ORCID 0000-0003-0007-1565
Myriam P HoyeckDepartment of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6.ORCID 0000-0003-4021-5770
Constadina PanagiotopoulosDepartment of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6H 3V4.ORCID 0000-0002-1379-7472
Mireille GuayEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.
Jillian Ashley-MartinEnvironmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9.ORCID 0000-0001-9958-7531

Funding

Canadian Institutes for Health Research MOP-81285CIHR Project Grant PJT-186282Government of Canada Chemicals Management PlanGuiding interdisciplinary Research on Women's and girls' health and Wellbeing scholarshipInvestigator GrantOntario Early Researcher AwardOntario Graduate ScholarshipOntario Ministry of the Environment
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextEpidemiological evidence of exposure to precursor and alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and metabolic health outcomes is lacking.

objectiveTo quantify associations between concentrations of 31 PFAS and metabolic biomarkers of glucose homeostasis and β-cell function.

methodsWe used data from a 2018-2021 follow-up of the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study, which included measurements of serum concentrations of PFAS and metabolic biomarkers in samples provided by 274 adult female participants. Our primary outcomes were composite measures of pancreatic β-cell function (proinsulin:insulin [PI:INS] and proinsulin:C-peptide [PI:CP] ratios) and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] and triglyceride-glucose [TyG] index). We used multivariable linear regression models to quantify the percent difference in outcome measures. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with >50% detection (n = 17) were log2-transformed; PFAS with 10-50% detection (n = 14) were dichotomized at the limit of detection. We used quantile g-computation (qgcomp) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to evaluate PFAS mixtures. We also modeled arithmetic sums of 17 PFAS detected in >50% of participants (Σ17PFAS) and 7 PFAS specified in the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine report (Σ7PFAS).

resultsEach doubling of Σ7PFAS, PFOS, and PFHxS was associated with a 5-9% increase in PI:INS ratio. Σ7PFAS, but not the Σ17PFAS, was also positively associated with the PI:INS ratio in qgcomp models. We observed inverse associations between Σ7PFAS and HOMA-IR and fasting insulin. Many results were of small magnitude or imprecise.

conclusionIn this cross-sectional analysis, exposure to certain legacy, alternative, and precursor PFAS were associated with β-cell dysfunction.

Indexed as

Environmental PollutantsFluorocarbonsInsulin ResistanceInsulin-Secreting CellsAdultBiomarkersBlood GlucoseFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInsulinPregnancyBiomarkersBlood GlucoseEnvironmental PollutantsFluorocarbonsInsulinbiomarkersfluorocarbonsinsulin resistancemetabolismpostpartumpregnancy

Identifiers

PMID41554111
PMCPMC13183431

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.