Evidence mapPaperPMID 41558989Full record

Observational studyJournal of internal medicine2026

The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study re-examination: Rationale, design, methods, and management of incidental findings.

Elin Good, Göran Bergström, Anders Blomberg, Viiu Blöndal, Gunnar Engström, Erika Fagman, Klas Gränsbo, Shabab Hasan, Shadi Jalali, Tomas Jernberg and 12 more

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Elin GoodDepartment of Health, Medicine & Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3418-1706
Göran BergströmDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-5722
Anders BlombergDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Viiu BlöndalDepartment of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Gunnar EngströmDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Erika FagmanDepartment of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg | Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Klas GränsboDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Shabab HasanUppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Shadi JalaliDepartment of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg | Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Tomas JernbergDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Åse JohnssonDepartment of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg | Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Ioannis KatsoularisDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Jeanette KuhlDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Andrei MalinovschiDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4098-7765
Lina MalmDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Vibeke SparringSwedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eva SwahnDepartment of Health, Medicine & Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Richard SsegonjaUppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Jelmer WestraDepartment of Health, Medicine & Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Mischa WoisetschlägerDepartment of Health, Medicine & Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Carl Johan ÖstgrenDepartment of Health, Medicine & Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Emil HagströmUppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Funding

Karolinska Institutet and Region StockholmKnut and Alice Wallenberg FoundationLinköping University and University HospitalLund University and Skåne University HospitalSwedish Heart and Lung FoundationSwedish Research CouncilUmeå University and University HospitalUniversity of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University HospitalUppsala University and University HospitalVINNOVA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo describe the rationale, design and data collection procedures of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) re-examination, which, in its further scope, aims to quantify and explain the development of atherosclerosis, pathological cardiovascular ageing, longitudinal decline in lung function and the malignant transformation of pulmonary nodules among middle-aged Swedes in the longitudinal SCAPIS.

methodsSCAPIS re-examination is a prospective observational study reassessing approximately 15,000 participants (50% of the original SCAPIS cohort) from six university hospitals. Participants were aged 55-75 years at follow-up, occurring a median of 8.1 years after the baseline investigation. Standardized protocols replicated baseline imaging and functional assessments, including questionnaires, clinical assessments and extensive computer tomography imaging.

resultsInterim analyses of the first 5000 participants (50% women; median age 65.5 [61.8-69.1] years) indicated an expected age-related increase in the prevalence and treatment of hypertension (from 22% to 37%) and diabetes (from 4% to 8%), together with a modest rise in central adiposity. Body mass index (median 26.6 kg/m

conclusionHere we present the rationale, design, methods and management of incidental findings in the SCAPIS re-examination. By integrating serial imaging, functional testing and biomarker profiling, the re-examination will furnish unprecedented insight into cardiopulmonary disease dynamics in an ageing population. These data will underpin personalized risk prediction and inform preventive strategies, while serving as a benchmark for future population-based imaging cohorts.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisIncidental FindingsLung NeoplasmsMultiple Pulmonary NodulesAgedAgingFemaleHumansHypertensionLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesResearch DesignSwedenTomography, X-Ray Computedatherosclerosislongitudinal studiespreventive medicine

Identifiers

PMID41558989
PMCPMC12950629

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.