Evidence mapPaperPMID 41559658Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2026

Chronic kidney disease onset, progression, and cardiovascular outcomes: proteomics informs biology and risk stratification.

Jijuan Zhang, Hancheng Yu, Xingyue Song, Xianli Li, Jinchi Xie, Yuxiang Wang, Yue Li, Kun Xu, Gang Liu, Yunfei Liao and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jijuan Zhang *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Hancheng Yu *Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Xingyue Song *Department of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
Xianli LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Jinchi XieDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Yuxiang WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Yue LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Kun XuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Gang LiuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Yunfei LiaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, , Hubei Province, China.
Xiong-Zhong RuanCentre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Xiongzruan@foxmail.com.
An PanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. panan@hust.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-7945
Tingting GengDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. geng_tingting@hust.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-3968

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32030054National Natural Science Foundation of China 82325043National Natural Science Foundation of China 82574189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLarge-scale proteomics provides an opportunity to understand chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease, yet research in this field is limited. This study utilized proteomics to inform biology and risk stratification for these diseases.

methodsThis cohort study included 44,779 participants free of prevalent CKD, and 3,749-4,272 participants with prevalent CKD from the UK Biobank. The Olink Explore 3072 platform quantified 2,923 plasma proteins. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess associations of proteins with kidney diseases including CKD and end stage kidney disease, and cardiovascular diseases including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and heart failure (HF). Mendelian randomization examined genetic associations, pathway analyses identified biological pathways, and predictive models were developed for incident diseases.

resultsMedian follow-up periods were 12.2-12.6 years. We identified 598 (20.5%) proteins shared across ≥ 2 diseases, with 595 (20.4%) showing consistent directions of associations, and 471 (16.1%) unique to a single disease. CKD and HF specifically shared the largest number of 279 (9.6%) proteins. POLR2F, TNFRSF10B, and IGFBP2 were positively associated with all five diseases, with Mendelian randomization supporting genetic associations of POLR2F with CHD and IGFBP2 with hypertensive renal disease. Pathway analyses highlighted cell adhesion, signal transduction, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction for disease-associated proteins. Incorporating predictive proteins into clinical models improved risk prediction for CKD, CHD, stroke, and HF, yielding Harrell's C indices of 0.750-0.818 (corresponding increases of 0.027-0.090).

conclusionsThis study deepens insights into disease biology and provides a foundation for early detection and integrated risk stratification in CKD and cardiovascular disease.

Indexed as

Blood ProteinsCardiovascular DiseasesProteomicsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicAdultAgedBiomarkersDisease ProgressionFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansIncidenceMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisMiddle AgedPhenotypeBiomarkersBlood ProteinsCardiovascular diseaseChronic kidney diseaseEnd stage kidney diseaseKidney functionProteomics

Identifiers

PMID41559658
PMCPMC12903537

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.