Evidence mapPaperPMID 41559698Full record

Trial reportCardiovascular diabetology2026

Marine n-3 fatty acid treatment for carotid plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Pan Zhuang, Xiaohui Liu, Wei Jia, Weifang Zheng, Xuzhi Wan, Weiming Chen, Jinping Gu, Yin Li, Xiaochun Lan, Haoyu Li and 20 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03708887 (Double-blind and Placebo-controlled Study on Intervention Effect of n-3 Fatty Acids on Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis Disorders in Obese/Diabetic Populations), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03708887 nacompletednot on this map

Double-blind and Placebo-controlled Study on Intervention Effect of n-3 Fatty Acids on Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis Disorders in Obese/Diabetic Populations

TypeinterventionalSponsorZhejiang UniversityRan2020 to 2022Enrolled415ConditionsHyperglycaemia (Diabetic), HyperlipidemiasArmsLow dose omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, High dose omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, Control drug
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Pan Zhuang *Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaohui Liu *Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Wei Jia, Hangzhou, China.
Weifang ZhengLanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, 321102, Zhejiang, China.
Xuzhi WanDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Weiming ChenLanxi Red Cross Hospital, Jinhua, 321102, Zhejiang, China.
Jinping GuCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
Yin LiDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaochun LanLanxi People's Hospital, Jinhua, 321102, Zhejiang, China.
Haoyu LiDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
Wenzhou TongLanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinhua, 321102, China.
Yuqi WuDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
Xiangming WuNutriease Health Management Center, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China.
Yang AoDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Hao YeDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Fei WuDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Li Zhu, Hangzhou, China.
Lange ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Yaoran Li, Hangzhou, China.
Denghui Meng, Hangzhou, China.
Yimei Tian, Hangzhou, China.
Anli Wang, Hangzhou, China.
Shanyun Wu, Hangzhou, China.
Fanghuan Zhu, Hangzhou, China.
Yiju Zhang, Hangzhou, China.
Hongbo Shi, Hangzhou, China.
Xiaomei Yu, Hangzhou, China.
Fan Zhang, Hangzhou, China.
Yu Zhang, Hangzhou, China.
Jingjing JiaoDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. jingjingjiao@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32202057National Natural Science Foundation of China 81773419Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province LY23C200007Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAS 2022QNRC001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCarotid plaques result from a blockage or narrowing of carotid arteries associated with severe atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to assess the effect of marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation on carotid plaques among patients with diabetes and whether the effect was modified by genetics.

methodsIn this 14 month double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 415 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were randomly assigned to receive high-dose (3.0 g/day) or low-dose (1.5 g/day) marine n-3 fatty acids (fish oil) or placebo (refined olive oil). The primary outcome was the prevalence of carotid plaques. Secondary outcomes included changes in NMR-derived lipoprotein subclasses. Genetic interactions with the supplementation were also explored.

results383 participants (92.3%) completed the 14 month intervention, and 359 patients (86.5%) completed carotid ultrasound exams. Fish oil supplementation did not significantly reduce the carotid plaque prevalence (P trend = 0.111). Compared to the placebo, the odds ratios (95% CIs) of carotid plaque risk were 1.11 (0.56-2.22) and 0.54 (0.26-1.13) for low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively. Fish oil supplementation also showed no significant effect on the incidence of new carotid plaques (P for trend = 0.304) or the regression of existing plaques (P for trend = 0.390). High-dose intervention significantly reduced remnant cholesterol, LDL-1-triglycerides (TG), HDL-4-TG, and HDL-3-TG. In subgroups by genetic risk, the high-dose intervention significantly reduced carotid plaque risk specifically in patients with a low genetic risk for remnant cholesterol, with no significant benefit observed in those with medium or high genetic risk (P for interaction = 0.008; FDR = 0.056).

conclusionIn patients with T2D, 14 month marine n-3 fatty acid supplementation does not reduce carotid plaque risk but improves lipoprotein profile. The anti-atherosclerotic effect appeared significant in patients with a low genetic risk of remnant cholesterol, warranting further investigation into personalized nutritional strategies.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT03708887.

Indexed as

Carotid Artery DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dietary SupplementsDocosahexaenoic AcidsFatty Acids, Omega-3Plaque, AtheroscleroticAgedBiomarkersDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsTime FactorsBiomarkersDocosahexaenoic AcidsFatty Acids, Omega-3Carotid plaquesMarine n-3 fatty acidsRandomized controlled trialType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41559698
PMCPMC12905938

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.