Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41560645›Full record

ArticleAnnals of occupational and environmental medicine2026

Work-life balance and effort-reward imbalance, and their interaction, associated with presenteeism among Korean wage workers: Based on 6th Korean working conditions survey.

Sang-Hyeon Kim, Eun-Chul Jang, Soon-Chan Kwon, In-Ho Lee, Jisuk Yun, Ui Chan Jung, Young-Sun Min

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Article in Annals of occupational and environmental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sang-Hyeon KimDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Eun-Chul JangDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Soon-Chan KwonDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
In-Ho LeeDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Jisuk YunDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Ui Chan JungDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Young-Sun MinDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study investigated the relationship between work-life balance (WLB), effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and presenteeism among Korean wageworkers through two models used simultaneously.

methodsData from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey for 28,669 Korean workers, including 13,513 men and 15,156 women, were analyzed. All analyses were performed with pre-designed weight. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between WLB, ERI, and presenteeism among Korean workers. The participants were classified into the following four groups: group 1, status of both WLB and ERI is "balanced"; group 2, WLB and ERI status are "imbalanced" and "balanced", respectively; group 3, WLB and ERI status are "balanced" and "imbalanced", respectively; group 4: status of both WLB and ERI is "imbalanced."

resultsWe found that WLB and ERI were associated with presenteeism in both men and women. Depending on their WLB and ERI status, women generally had a higher tendency of presenteeism than men. Multiple logistic regression shows that, in most models and groups, there is an increased odds ratio (OR) for presenteeism in both men and women compared to the reference value. Moreover, the OR in both men and women gradually increased in groups 2, 3, and 4 compared with group 1. When considering both WLB and ERI status simultaneously, ERI had a greater impact on presenteeism than WLB. Furthermore, it was found that a synergistic effect of presenteeism manifests when both WLB and ERI are in a state of imbalance simultaneously.

conclusionsUsing the two models simultaneously, we found an association between WLB, ERI, and presenteeism according to sex with a synergistic effect among Korean workers. Our research suggests that active interventions targeting WLB and ERI are necessary to reduce presenteeism, which ultimately leads to decreased productivity.

Indexed as

Effort-reward imbalancePresenteeismWork-life balance

Identifiers

PMID41560645
PMCPMC12991405

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.