Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41561159›Full record

ArticleBioactive materials2026

3D-printed triboelectric scaffolds for fabricating BMSC-derived cartilage to repair bone defects and promote endochondral ossification.

Yuanqi Ma, Xingqi Song, Bin Luo, Baoshuai Bai, Chen Jin, Shanhong Xie, Meilin Huang, Jie Luo, Zhengwei You, Dong Lei and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Bioactive materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yuanqi MaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Xingqi SongDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Bin LuoDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Baoshuai BaiDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Chen JinDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Shanhong XieDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Meilin HuangDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Jie LuoDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Zhengwei YouState Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, PR China.
Dong LeiDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
Guangdong ZhouDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The harsh microenvironment characterized by avascularity and hypoxia presents a significant challenge for bone regeneration following refractory bone defects. Tissue engineering combined with electrotherapy has emerged as a promising alternative for repairing bone defects, offering advantages such as accelerated healing and the restoration of physiological functions in regenerated bone. In this study, we propose a strategy for constructing tissue-engineered cartilage derived from bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) for bone regeneration, utilizing 3D-printed triboelectric scaffolds (TES). The TES scaffold is fabricated from biodegradable bioelastomer and conductive biomaterial, featuring excellent biomimetic elasticity and hydrophobicity. The TES contains numerous hydrophobic microporous units, enabling in situ self-powered stimulation in vivo. The conductivity of the TES has been shown to enhance the chondrogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs during in vitro induction into tissue-engineered cartilage. Notably, the TES scaffold was more effective in promoting endochondral ossification of tissue-engineered cartilage in vivo. The in vivo osteogenesis mechanism of the TES group was further analyzed through proteomics, revealing that TES facilitated actin cytoskeleton remodeling, activated the PI3K-Akt pathway, provided metabolic support, and enhanced intercellular communication to drive the endochondral ossification process. Finally, in situ skull defect repair in rabbits successfully demonstrated the efficacy of TES electrical stimulation in promoting tissue-engineered endochondral ossification, thereby achieving bone defect regeneration and providing an effective biological strategy for the repair of refractory bone defects.

Indexed as

3D printingCartilageEndochondral ossificationTissue engineeringTriboelectric nanogenerator

Identifiers

PMID41561159
PMCPMC12813882

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.