Evidence mapPaperPMID 41565232Full record

ArticleAsia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition2026

Serum albumin and hypertension: The mediating roles of BMI, C-reactive protein and extracellular fluid.

Yan Wang, Huaiyu Hao, Qiang Lu, Lei Zhang

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Article in Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yan WangClinical Nutrition Department, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China.
Huaiyu HaoNeurosurgery Department, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China. Email: yingyangfs@sina.com.
Qiang LuClinical Nutrition Department, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China.
Lei ZhangClinical Nutrition Department, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The relationship between serum albumin and hypertension has attracted much attention. We sought to further validate these findings and explore the underlying mediators. METHODS AND STUDY

designThis cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2004), including 19,507 participants. Multivariable weighted logistic were employed to investigate the association of serum albumin with hypertension. The potential mediating role of body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and extracellular fluid (ECF) was explored. Secondary analyses included subgroup analyses and restricted cubic spline (RCS).

resultsSerum albumin per 1 g/L increase was associated with 10% lower hypertension prevalence (OR=0.90, 95%CI:0.89-0.91, p <0.001). This remained significant after full adjustment (including age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, smoking status, drinking status, sodium in-take, potassium intake, fat intake, total saturated fatty acids [TSFA] intake, carbohydrate intake, protein in-take, energy intake, diabetes, coronary heart disease, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and NHANES cycle)(OR = 0.98, 95%CI: 0.96-1.00, p = 0.031). No evidence of non-linearity was observed in the RCS analysis (p for non-linearity = 0.708). BMI mediated 42.75% (95%CI: 38.19%-48.33%), CRP 12.24% (95%CI: 9.29%-15.43%), and ECF 4.05% (95%CI: 2.74%-5.43%) of the association (all p <0.001). Results were robust in sensitivity analyses.

conclusionsThe serum albumin levels were negatively associated with the prevalence of hypertension. Mediation analyses demonstrated a significant mediating effect of BMI, CRP and ECF, suggesting that serum albumin might be related to hypertension, potentially mediated by BMI, ECF, and CRP.

Indexed as

Body Mass IndexC-Reactive ProteinExtracellular FluidHypertensionSerum AlbuminAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysC-Reactive ProteinSerum Albuminbody mass indexC-reactive proteinextracellular fluidhypertensionserum albumin

Identifiers

PMID41565232
PMCPMC12823252

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.