Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2026
Natural ovulation versus programmed regimens before frozen embryo transfer in ovulatory women: multicentre, randomised clinical trial.
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- When similar live birth rates do not mean protocol equivalence in frozen embryo transfer.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2026Article
- Ovulation induction or artificial programmed protocol: which endometrial preparation approach is more favorable in reducing obstetrical and neonatal complications for ovulation disorder patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Interaction between progesterone exposure duration and blastocyst expansion stage on live birth following frozen-thawed transfer of day-6 blastocysts.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of different endometrial preparation protocols on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles among patients ≤35 years with a history of intrauterine adhesion separation surgery: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
41 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo test the hypothesis that women assigned to a natural ovulation regimen before frozen embryo transfer compared with a programmed regimen would have an increased chance of a healthy live birth and a reduced risk of pre-eclampsia or eclampsia.
designMulticentre, randomised, parallel group, assessor blinded clinical trial.
setting24 academic fertility centres in China.
participants4376 ovulatory women (aged 20-40 years) planning to undergo a frozen single blastocyst transfer.
interventionsEligible participants were randomised (1:1) to receive a natural ovulation regimen or a programmed regimen of hormone replacement for endometrial preparation. Endometrial preparation and frozen embryo transfer timing were determined in the natural ovulation regimen group by monitoring natural follicle development and measuring serum levels of luteinising hormone, oestradiol, and progesterone. In the programmed regimen group, endometrial preparation was achieved by sequential administration of oestrogen and progesterone. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcomes were a healthy live birth and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia after a frozen embryo transfer. Secondary outcomes were cycle cancellation, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, pregnancy loss, ectopic pregnancy, live birth, birth weight, and maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications.
resultsIn the intention-to-treat analyses, 910 (41.6%) of 2185 patients in the natural ovulation regimen group and 890 (40.6%) of 2191 in the programmed regimen group achieved a healthy live birth (relative ratio 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96 to 1.10); P=0.49). The risk of pre-eclampsia was lower in the natural ovulation regimen group among patients who achieved clinical pregnancy than in the programmed regimen group (2.9% (38 of 1302)
conclusionsIn ovulatory women, a natural ovulation regimen for endometrial preparation was as effective as programmed regimen in terms of achieving a healthy live birth after frozen embryo transfer, but with a lower risk of maternal complications during pregnancy.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200057990.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.