Evidence mapPaperPMID 41566380Full record

SynthesisThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2026

Effects of continuous glucose monitoring on physical activity and diet in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mengsi Peng, Peng Shen, Kwang Joon Kim

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Technology in Diabetes: A Year in Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mengsi PengCollege of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Korea, Republic of (South Korea).
Peng ShenCollege of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Korea, Republic of (South Korea).
Kwang Joon KimCollege of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Korea, Republic of (South Korea). kjkim0901@chonnam.ac.kr.

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) No. 2022R1F1A1063404
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may facilitate behavior modifications among individuals with diabetes. However, existing evidence regarding its effectiveness remains inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CGM in improving physical activity and diet for people with diabetes using both qualitative and quantitative approaches.

methodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science on October 13, 2024 to identify studies utilizing CGM in people of any age with any type of diabetes that reported outcomes related to physical activity and/or diet and were eligible for systematic review. Randomized controlled trials in which CGM was used as the main intervention and whose outcomes could be quantitatively synthesized were included in the meta-analysis.

resultsThe initial search identified 13,128 records, then 28 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Of these, 10 and 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis of physical activity and diet, respectively. Compared with controls, CGM significantly increased daily physical activity time (MD: 16.21 min/day, 95% CI: 10.26 to 22.16; P<0.0001) (low-certainty evidence). In addition, CGM significantly reduced daily caloric intake (-70.81 kcal/day, -132.93 to -8.69; P = 0.03) (low-certainty evidence) and carbohydrate consumption (-19.88 g/day, -27.74 to -12.01; P < 0.00001) (low-certainty evidence) versus controls.

conclusionsCGM significantly increased daily physical activity time and reduced both caloric intake and carbohydrate consumption in adults with diabetes. Future high-quality, large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these associations and to clarify the mechanisms underlying CGM’s behavioral effects across diverse diabetes populations.

trial registrationInternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42024609764).

Indexed as

Continuous Glucose MonitoringDiabetes MellitusDietExerciseBlood GlucoseHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBlood GlucoseContinuous glucose monitoringDiabetesDietPhysical activity

Identifiers

PMID41566380
PMCPMC12918550

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.