Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41567360›Full record

ReviewClinical medicine insights. Arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders2026

The Association of Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis With COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review.

Fatima Shahid, Hareem Farooq, Huzaifa Abeer, Ghulam Mustafa Mahmood, Habibah Sheikh, Muhammad Zain Ameer, Laveeza Fatima, Fatima Ameer, Zunaira Amjad, Talha Zartash Ahmad and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical medicine insights. Arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Fatima ShahidDepartment of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Hareem FarooqDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Huzaifa AbeerDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ghulam Mustafa MahmoodDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Habibah SheikhDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Zain AmeerDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7388-364X
Laveeza FatimaDepartment of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Fatima AmeerDepartment of Internal Medicine, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Zunaira AmjadDepartment of Internal Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Talha Zartash AhmadDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ghazia RehmanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Aqeeb Ur RehmanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are interrelated inflammatory conditions, and evidence suggests that infection and vaccination might act as a trigger for these conditions. This descriptive systematic review summarizes the published case reports and case series on new-onset PMR and GCA following COVID-19 vaccination, highlighting their clinical features, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes. Objectives: To do a systematic analysis of available literature regarding the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the first onset or flare of PMR and/or GCA. Design: Systematic review of case reports and case series. Data sources and methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Data on patient demographics, clinical features, outcomes, and latency periods were extracted and analyzed. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Results: A total of 32 articles, documenting 50 new-onset cases (30 PMR and 20 GCA), were identified for inclusion. The mean age for patients with PMR was 71.06 years, and 72.85 years for GCA. A slight female predominance was observed (60%) for both PMR and GCA. Pfizer-BioNTech (48%) and AstraZeneca (38%) vaccines were most frequently associated with disease onset. The mean latency period from vaccination to symptom onset was 11.03 days for PMR and 5.3 days for GCA, indicating a temporal relationship. Most of these studies originated from North America and Europe mimicking the global scale of vaccination. Most patients responded well to symptomatic treatment with corticosteroids. Conclusions: There exists a temporal association between COVID-19 mRNA or viral vector-based vaccines and the onset of PMR and GCA. While causality is not proven, this review underscores the need for clinicians to be aware of this potential association to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment, particularly as booster vaccinations continue to be administered. Larger epidemiological studies with long-term follow-up are essential to further explore this association.

Indexed as

COVID-19 vaccinationgiant cell arteritispolymyalgia rheumaticatemporal arteritisvasculitis

Identifiers

PMID41567360
PMCPMC12816559

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.