Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41568166›Full record

ArticleCurrent research in microbial sciences2026

Differences in gut microbiota composition are an important reason for lower serum p-cresol sulfate levels in anuric peritoneal dialysis patients compared to hemodialysis patients.

Min Lu, Shulan Guo, Zhaoying Nie, Ji Ji, Yimei Wang, Xiaotian Jiang, Lin Zhang, Bo Xiang, Weiwei Wu, Jun Ji and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current research in microbial sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Min LuDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Shulan GuoDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Zhaoying NieDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ji JiDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yimei WangDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaotian JiangDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Lin ZhangDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Bo XiangDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Weiwei WuDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jun JiDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jianzhou ZouDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoqiang DingDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaofang YuDepartment of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) accumulate toxic metabolites that contribute to severe clinical complications. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) exhibit distinct capacites for toxin clearance. Furthermore, the gut microbiota plays a significant role in toxin generation and is modulated by dialysis modality. This study aimed to compare gut microbiota composition and serum metabolite profiles between PD and HD patients, and to investigate their association with uremic toxin production. Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study included 100 anuric ESKD patients (50 PD and 50 HD) matched for age, gender, and dialysis duration. Fecal and serum samples were collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics. To validate the gut microbiota-serum metabolite relationship, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed in germ-free CKD mice. Results: No significant differences in alpha diversity were observed between PD and HD groups (all indices Conclusion: PD and HD patients show distinct gut microbiota and serum metabolite profiles, with notably lower PCS levels in PD patients. These differences are associated with variations in gut microbiota. Animal experiments provide additional evidence suggesting a potential causal relationship. Modulating gut microbiota may represent a promising therapeutic approach to decrease uremic toxin production in dialysis patients.

Indexed as

Gut microbiotaHemodialysisp-Cresyl SulfatePeritoneal dialysis

Identifiers

PMID41568166
PMCPMC12818085

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.