Observational studyTranslational vision science & technology2026
One-Year Progression of Capillary Nonperfusion in Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Using Noninvasive Imaging: The CHART Study.
Observational study in Translational vision science & technology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04636307 (Characterization of Retinal Disease Progression in Eyes With Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Characterization of Retinal Disease Progression in Eyes With Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) in Diabetes Type 2 Using Non-invasive Procedures (CHART)
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Albuminuria, but not eGFR, tracks diabetic retinopathy severity and retinal ischemia: population-based discovery, clinical replication, and OCTA evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the 1-year progression of retinal capillary nonperfusion in eyes with mild to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using noninvasive retinal imaging. Methods: The CHART study (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04636307) is a multicenter, observational, longitudinal study involving five European research centers and included 202 eyes from 155 participants with type 2 diabetes and mild to severe NPDR. Participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months, including best-corrected visual acuity, color fundus photography (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study [ETDRS] severity scale), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA). Disease progression was evaluated using mixed-effects models. Results: Of the 202 eyes, 81 eyes were graded as ETDRS level 35, 63 eyes as level 43, 46 eyes as level 47, and 12 eyes as level 53. At baseline, significant differences were observed in OCTA metrics between diabetic retinopathy severity groups. A total of 169 eyes (84%) completed the 1-year follow-up. Over 1 year, eyes with ETDRS levels 35 and 43 showed significant increases in capillary nonperfusion, identified by decreases in skeletonized vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus (rates of progression: β = -0.217 mm-1/y, P = 0.006 and β = -0.310 mm-1/y, P = 0.002, respectively). Eyes with level 47 showed only a borderline statistically significant decrease (P = 0.074), while eyes with level 53 remained stable. Microaneurysm turnover (MAT), formation, and disappearance rates increased in more severe NPDR stages (levels 47 and 53). Conclusions: Retinal capillary nonperfusion progresses significantly over 1 year in mild to moderate NPDR, identified by changes in rates of progression of vessel and perfusion densities. In more severe stages (levels 47 and 53), capillary nonperfusion stabilizes, and a hyperperfusion response is identified by increases in MAT associated with the development of intraretinal microvascular abnormalities. Translational Relevance: This study provides quantitative data on 1-year progression of retinal capillary nonperfusion in NPDR using noninvasive imaging, offering the basis for future interventional trials.
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