ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2026
Herpes zoster hospitalization burden in Spain during the initial period of recombinant zoster vaccine implementation.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ) is a vaccine-preventable disease with increasing incidence and hospitalization burden, particularly among older adults and immunocompromised individuals, who have an increased risk. In 2021, Spain introduced systematic vaccination with the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV). We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study using hospital discharge data from the Spanish Minimum Basic DataSet (MBDS) for the years 2022-2023. Hospitalization rates (HR), mortality rates (MR), case fatality rates (CFR), length of stay, comorbidities, and costs were analyzed nationally and for the region of Madrid. A total of 16,277 HZ-related hospitalizations were recorded in Spain, with 80% occurring in individuals aged ≥65 y. The HR was 16.85 per 100,000 inhabitants, and the CFR was 7.44%. In Madrid, 3263 hospitalizations were recorded, with a higher HR (23.73 per 100,000) and CFR (6.41%) compared to the national average. Complicated HZ cases accounted for over 64% of hospitalizations nationally and 69% in Madrid. Total hospitalization costs were €98.1 million in Spain and €21.4 million in Madrid. This is the first study to assess HZ hospitalization burden in Spain and Madrid following the introduction of RZV. The findings highlight the substantial toll of HZ on older and immunocompromised populations. Future studies with longer follow-up are needed to assess vaccine impact.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.