Evidence mapPaperPMID 41571917Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Relationship between lipoprotein(a) and PCSK9 in angiogram-proven premature coronary artery disease in an Asian cohort.

Rahayu Zulkapli, Suhaila Abd Muid, Seok Mui Wang, Ahmad Bakhtiar Md Radzi, Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd Yusof, Hapizah Nawawi

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Rahayu ZulkapliCardiovascular Advancement and Research Excellence Institute (CARE Institute), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Level 4, Academic Building, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. rahayu88@uitm.edu.my.
Suhaila Abd MuidCardiovascular Advancement and Research Excellence Institute (CARE Institute), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Level 4, Academic Building, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
Seok Mui WangCardiovascular Advancement and Research Excellence Institute (CARE Institute), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Level 4, Academic Building, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
Ahmad Bakhtiar Md RadziFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Khairul Shafiq IbrahimFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd YusofCardiovascular Advancement and Research Excellence Institute (CARE Institute), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Level 4, Academic Building, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
Hapizah NawawiFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been associated with elevated Lp(a) levels, yet the mechanism driving the pro-atherogenic and inflammatory effects remains unclear. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a key regulator of lipid metabolism with emerging roles in vascular inflammation. This study explored the relationship between Lp (a) and PCSK9 in an Asian cohort with angiogram-proven premature CAD (AP-pCAD), with and without familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Patients were recruited from Cardiology and Specialist Lipid Clinics; grouped into pCAD with FH (n = 70), pCAD without FH (n = 65), and normal controls (G3; n = 69). FH was clinically diagnosed using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network. Lp(a) and PCSK9 levels were measured using an automated chemistry analyser and ELISA. Lp(a) and PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in pCAD groups compared to controls. No significant correlation between Lp(a) and PCSK9 was observed in individual pCAD subgroups (G1 or G2); a weak positive correlation was found in the normal control group (G3; r = 0.366, p = 0.019). In multivariate analysis, Lp(a) emerged as a significant independent predictor of pCAD (adjusted OR: 5.036, p = 0.015). In conclusion, Lp(a) independently predicts pCAD, while its association with PCSK9 appears modest and context-dependent, suggesting a more complex interplay possibly influenced by lipid-lowering therapy such as statin use.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery DiseaseLipoprotein(a)Proprotein Convertase 9AdultBiomarkersCoronary AngiographyCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIMaleMiddle AgedSoutheast Asian PeopleBiomarkersLipoprotein(a)PCSK9 protein, humanProprotein Convertase 9Coronary artery diseaseFamilial hypercholesterolaemiaLipoprotein (a)PCSK9Premature coronary artery diseaseProprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9

Identifiers

PMID41571917
PMCPMC12901146

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.