ArticleBioengineering & translational medicine2026
Site-specific noninvasive delivery of retrograde viral vectors to the brain.
Article in Bioengineering & translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Site-specific noninvasive delivery of retrograde viral vectors to the brain.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuronal activity underlies the brain function. Different behaviors, physiological processes, and disorders depend on which neurons are active at a given moment. Treating brain disorders without side effects will require exclusive control of disease-relevant neurons. Traditionally, small molecule drugs could control a subset of neurons that express a molecularly specific receptor. Local noninvasive therapies such as delivery of neuromodulatory agents with focused ultrasound blood-brain barrier opening (FUS-BBBO) also added spatial precision, allowing one to control specific brain regions without surgery. However, the final characteristic of neurons, which other neurons they connect to, remains underexplored as a therapeutic target. If targeting neurons based on their connectivity was possible noninvasively, it would open the doors to broadly deployable precise therapies that can target selected subgroups of neurons within a brain region. Such delivery could be achieved with retrograde-tracing adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs). For noninvasive delivery with FUS-BBBO, AAV9 has emerged as the most promising serotype. However, its retrograde-tracing version, the AAV9.retro, has not been evaluated for FUS-BBBO delivery. Here, we show that following such noninvasive delivery, AAV9.retro can safely transduce neuronal projections with comparable efficiency to a direct intracranial injection. Compared to AAV8, a naturally occurring vector with low retrograde transduction, AAV9.retro offers superior retrograde transduction and comparable transduction at the site of delivery. Overall, we show that AAV9.retro is a valuable FUS-BBBO gene delivery vector, while also highlighting the surprising possibility of improved specificity of transduction of projections compared to invasive delivery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.