Evidence mapPaperPMID 41575457Full record

ArticleJournal of the American College of Surgeons2026

Quantification of DNA Methylation for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Salar Javanshir, Isabella Angeli-Pahim, Pavan Iyengar, Anastasia Chambers, Iulia Maria Smarandache, Rishiraj Ganguli, Steven Hughes, Ilyas Sahin, Sergio Duarte, Ali Zarrinpar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Salar JavanshirFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Isabella Angeli-PahimFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Pavan IyengarFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Anastasia ChambersFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Iulia Maria SmarandacheFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Rishiraj GanguliFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Steven HughesFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Ilyas SahinDepartment of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Sahin).
Sergio DuarteFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).
Ali ZarrinparFrom the Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (Javanshir, Angeli-Pahim, Iyengar, Chambers, Smarandache, Ganguli, Hughes, Duarte, Zarrinpar).

Funding

Mentoring Patient-Oriented Research in Immune Response in TransplantationK24AI187634 · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · 2025 to 2025
$126k
NCATS NIH HHS UH2 TR002087NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI187634NIDDK NIH HHS K08 DK113244
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with early detection and accurate monitoring of tumor burden being critical for improving patient outcomes. Existing biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) have limited sensitivity and specificity, underscoring the need for more reliable diagnostic and prognostic tools. STUDY

designIn this retrospective cohort study, we developed the HCC beta methylation value (HBMV) using 2 targeted CpG amplicon panels, HBMV-6 and HBMV-28. HBMV values were calculated by summing beta methylation values across predefined loci and validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas, 15 Gene Expression Omnibus datasets comprising more than 1,400 liver tissue samples, and a prospective plasma cohort including 18 patients with HCC and 4 noncancer controls. Diagnostic, prognostic, and longitudinal performance was compared with AFP.

resultsBoth HBMV panels accurately distinguished HCC from noncancer liver tissue, achieving area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values greater than 0.9 in tissue and greater than 0.8 in plasma. Across independent tissue cohorts, HBMV-28 values increased stepwise from normal liver to cirrhosis, dysplasia, and HCC. Higher HBMV values were associated with larger tumor size and worse overall survival. In longitudinal plasma analyses, HBMV decreased after surgical resection or transplantation and increased during disease progression, effectively distinguishing progression from nonprogression with an area under the curve up to 0.87. In contrast, AFP demonstrated modest sensitivity and failed to reliably track treatment response.

conclusionsHBMV is a sensitive and biologically grounded biomarker for HCC diagnosis, prognosis, and real-time disease monitoring. These findings support further prospective evaluation of HBMV as a noninvasive tool for clinical surveillance and assessment of treatment response.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, HepatocellularDNA MethylationLiver NeoplasmsAgedalpha-FetoproteinsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and Specificityalpha-FetoproteinsBiomarkers, Tumor

Identifiers

PMID41575457
PMCPMC13108919

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.