Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41577143›Full record

ArticleToxicology and applied pharmacology2026

Sustained cadmium exposure and hyperglycemia additively drives mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatic cells: Implications for MASLD etiopathogenesis.

Rahul Kumar, Ashwin Chinala, Sharina Palencia Desai, Li Chen, Marcus A Garcia, Sarah J Blossom, Matthew J Campen, Rama R Gullapalli

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Rahul KumarDepartment of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Room 333A, MSC08-4640, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Ashwin ChinalaDepartment of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Room 333A, MSC08-4640, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Room 333A, MSC08-4640, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Sharina Palencia DesaiDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Li ChenDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Marcus A GarciaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuqueruque, USA.
Sarah J BlossomDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Matthew J CampenDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Rama R GullapalliDepartment of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Room 333A, MSC08-4640, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Room 333A, MSC08-4640, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. Electronic address: rgullapalli@salud.unm.edu.

Funding

Unfolded Protein Response and Autophagy in T Helper Cell Effector FunctionP20GM121176 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI VOJO P DERETIC · 2017 to 2026
$24.9M
University of New Mexico Center for Metals in Biology and Medicine - equipment supplementP20GM130422 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI Sebastian Medina · 2020 to 2026
$20.4M
Pilot Project CoreP30ES032755 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI BLOSSOM, SARAH J · 2022 to 2025
$5.2M
NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES032755NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM121176NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM130422
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Effects of chronic heavy metal stress on hepatocellular pathophysiology remains ill-understood. Human livers are a long-term accumulative site for many toxic heavy metals (e.g., cadmium and arsenic) whose health effects are unknown. In the current study, we studied the effects of chronic, low-dose exposures of cadmium (CLEC) modulated by normoglycemic (5.6 mM) and diabetes relevant hyperglycemic (15 mM) exposures, focusing on hepatocellular mitochondrial function. Hepatocellular cell lines were exposed to CLEC and glucose for 24 weeks, mimicking a chronic heavy metal exposure paradigm of normal and type II diabetic individuals. CLEC exposures significantly affect the long-term health of mitochondria, including decreased mitochondrial mass, increased superoxide production, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in a CLEC and glucose-dependent manner. Furthermore, CLEC induced significant chronic oxidative stress revealed by the Seahorse MitoStress assay. In particular, CLEC cells show altered levels of basal and non-mitochondrial respiration, causing dysregulation in mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) of the cells. Lastly, we identify significant impacts of CLEC and glucose exposures on mitochondrial dynamics (fission/fusion), which show enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation and turnover rates. We also identified novel cell compensatory mechanisms that may mask the true extent of chronic Cd exposure induced damage in liver cells. New approach methodologies (NAMs) such as the current toxicology study, establish the insidious, long-term damaging effects of chronic heavy metal pollutant exposures on human hepatocellular function.

Indexed as

CadmiumHepatocytesHyperglycemiaMitochondria, LiverGlucoseHumansMembrane Potential, MitochondrialOxidative StressOxygen ConsumptionCadmiumGlucoseCadmiumHyperglycemiaMitochondrial dynamicsOxidative stressReactive oxygen species

Identifiers

PMID41577143
PMCPMC13147927

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.