Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41578105›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2026

Understanding Incorrectness: Structural and Ideologic Predictors of Public Knowledge About MAID Legality in the U.S.

Elissa Kozlov, Samuel R Nemeth, Elizabeth A Luth, Todd D Becker, Paul R Duberstein

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Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elissa KozlovDepartment of Health Behavior, Society, and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. Elissa.Kozlov@rutgers.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1027-2352
Samuel R NemethDepartment of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Elizabeth A LuthDepartment of Family Medicine and Community Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Todd D BeckerDivision of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
Paul R DubersteinDepartment of Health Behavior, Society, and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

Funding

Decision trajectories of patients at the end of life: An epidemiological exploration of MAID and the impact on caregivers and cliniciansR01AG079555 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI STACY M FISCHER, Daniel D Matlock · 2022 to 2026
$3.1M
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute T32CA190194NIA NIH HHS R01AG079555
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMedical aid in dying (MAID) is legal in an increasing number of U.S. jurisdictions, yet public understanding of its legal status remains limited. Prior studies often collapse incorrect and "don't know" responses, obscuring potentially distinct ideological and structural correlates.

objectiveTo examine predictors of uncertainty and misinformation about MAID legality among U.S. adults.

designCross-sectional survey.

participantsWe used a convenience sample of U.S. adults recruited through Cloud Research's Prime Panels (N = 3,222), oversampling racial and ethnic minoritized groups, older adults (≥ 60 years), and residents of MAID-legal states. Analyses focused on two subsamples restricted to respondents who were uncertain or incorrect about MAID legality: national-level knowledge (n = 2,278) and state level knowledge among residents of MAID-legal states (n = 1,711). MAIN MEASURES: Respondents indicated whether MAID was legal (a) anywhere in the US and (b) in their state. Knowledge was categorized as "correct," "incorrect" (misinformation), or "don't know." Logistic regressions identified predictors of misinformation versus not knowing at state and national levels. KEY

resultsIn the national sample, misinformed respondents (vs those who answered "don't know") were more likely to believe MAID should not be legal compared to respondents who were unsure about legality (average marginal effects (AME) = 0.22; CI: 0.14, 0.29; p < 0.001). They were also more likely to say that MAID is morally acceptable compared to respondents unsure about its morality (AME = 0.11; CI: 0.06, 0.17; p < 0.001). In both subsamples, structural factors (lower educational attainment and greater financial insecurity) were associated with higher likelihood of uncertainty rather than misinformation.

conclusionsPublic knowledge about MAID legality reflects two distinct patterns: misinformation appears ideologically motivated, while uncertainty is linked to structural factors. Efforts to improve health literacy may reduce uncertainty, but misinformation may require value-aligned communication and trusted messengers to support informed decision-making.

Indexed as

Death and dyingEducationEnd-of-Life

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.