Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41580418›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Comprehensive benchmarking single and multi ancestry polygenic score methods with the PGS-hub platform.

Xingyu Chen, Fei Wang, Hongqiang Zhao, Jing Hao, Yunga A, Xiong Yang, Tingfeng Xu, Yubo Zhou, Qiuli Chen, Rufan Zhang and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Xingyu Chen *China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Fei Wang *China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China. wangfei@cncb.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9159-7310
Hongqiang Zhao *China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Jing HaoChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Yunga AChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Xiong YangChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Tingfeng XuChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Yubo ZhouChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Qiuli ChenChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Rufan ZhangChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Kang YuChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Komal ZaibChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Akl C FahedMedical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MlT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-6389
Guangyao ZhaiBeijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. drzhaiguangyao@mail.ccmu.edu.cn.
Minxian WangChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China. wangmx@cncb.ac.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polygenic scores (PGS) quantify genetic contributions to complex traits, yet existing single- and multi-ancestry methods lack multi-dimensional evaluation within a unified framework. Here, we benchmarked 13 state-of-the-art PGS methods across 36 traits in UK Biobank European and African samples. The prediction performance, computational efficiency, the number of variants, and the impact of different linkage disequilibrium (LD) reference sizes were thoroughly assessed for each method. Results of single-ancestry methods demonstrate that LDpred2 has superior performance across a broad spectrum of complex traits in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency; however, other methods remain valuable for specific traits. For multi-ancestry methods, PRS-CSx and X-Wing have comparable performance, whereas LDpred2-multi outperforms both. Notably, we find that increasing the panel size of the LD reference significantly elevates PGS performance for sample sizes below 1,000, and it reaches a plateau when it exceeds 5,000 samples. Furthermore, implementing PGS calculation methods requires considerable technical effort and resource allocation. To support easy use of these PGS methods, we developed a user-friendly online computing platform, PGS-hub, that integrates all evaluated methods and is pre-configured with ancestry-stratified LD panels. This resource enables a scalable and harmonized PGS computation platform for the PGS community.

Identifiers

PMID41580418
PMCPMC12936211

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.