Evidence mapPaperPMID 41582349Full record

ArticleCurrent medical imaging2026

Multimodal Echocardiography for Diagnostic Value of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Left Anterior Descending Artery Stenosis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Zhiyong Li, Jingwu Wu, Jie You, Zhen He, Liye Wang, Xiaoni Zhou, Gang Hu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current medical imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zhiyong LiDepartment of Ultrasound, the Second People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, 333000 Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China.
Jingwu WuSecond Clinical Medical College, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710004 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Jie YouNational Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
Zhen HeDepartment of Ultrasound, the Second People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, 333000 Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China.
Liye WangNanchang University Queen Mary School, 330031 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Xiaoni ZhouDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5896-3801
Gang HuSchool of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, 330031 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4252-9151

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), with left anterior descending artery (LAD) stenosis being a critical determinant of prognosis. While coronary angiography (CAG) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are standard diagnostic tools, they have inherent limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of multimodal echocardiography in assessing LAD stenosis severity in patients with T2DM.

methodsIn this retrospective case-control study, 96 T2DM patients with LAD stenosis ≥50% (by CAG) and 96 with <50% stenosis were consecutively enrolled. All participants underwent two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE), and coronary artery ultrasound imaging (CA-USI). Diagnostic performance was compared with CAG as the reference standard.

results2D-STE and CA-USI demonstrated superior diagnostic performance for LAD stenosis compared to 2DE. Specifically, 2D-STE yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.818, sensitivity of 0.760, and specificity of 0.875; CA-USI showed an AUC of 0.849, sensitivity of 0.802, and specificity of 0.895; while 2DE had an AUC of 0.583, sensitivity of 0.239, and specificity of 0.927. Group differences in regional wall motion abnormality, LAD plaque, global longitudinal strain, and peak diastolic velocity were all significant (P<0.05). DISCUSSION: These findings indicated that 2D-STE and CA-USI outperformed conventional 2DE in detecting LAD stenosis among T2DM patients, providing more comprehensive functional and structural insights. The integration of strain imaging and coronary ultrasound enables earlier detection of subclinical myocardial impairment and plaque burden, offering practical value for risk stratification and longitudinal follow-up in diabetic populations. Compared with prior single-modality echocardiographic assessments, the multimodal approach in this study enhances diagnostic confidence and may reduce reliance on invasive CAG for preliminary evaluation. However, as a retrospective single-center analysis, potential selection bias and the modest sample size may limit generalizability. Future multicenter prospective trials are warranted to validate these findings and explore the incorporation of artificial intelligence-assisted analysis to improve precision and reproducibility.

conclusionMultimodal echocardiography, especially 2D-STE and CA-USI, provides a more accurate assessment of LAD stenosis in T2DM patients than conventional 2DE. Specifically, for detecting LAD stenosis ≥50%, 2D-STE achieved an AUC of 0.818, sensitivity of 0.760, and specificity of 0.875; CA-USI yielded an AUC of 0.849, sensitivity of 0.802, and specificity of 0.895; while 2DE had an AUC of 0.583, sensitivity of 0.239, and specificity of 0.927. These findings support the clinical utility of 2D-STE and CA-USI for comprehensive coronary evaluation in patients with T2DM.

Indexed as

Coronary StenosisDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2EchocardiographyMultimodal ImagingAgedCase-Control StudiesCoronary AngiographyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and SpecificityCoronary artery diseaseMultimodal echocardiographySpeckle tracking echocardiography.Two-dimensional echocardiographyType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41582349
PMCPMC13312384

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.