Associations Between Prepregnancy Menstrual Characteristics, Age at Menarche, and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Yushuang Su, Qin Yang, Cui Xing, Hui Wang, Rong Li, Juan Zhang, Jie Mei, Jing He

Abstract readObservational Study

In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of diabetes research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yushuang SuDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, uestc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4273-6241

Qin YangDepartment of Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, uestc.edu.cn.

Cui XingDepartment of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, hust.edu.cn.

Hui WangDepartment of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, hust.edu.cn.

Rong LiDepartment of Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, uestc.edu.cn.

Juan ZhangDepartment of Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, uestc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-5599

Jie MeiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, uestc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6381-6754

Jing HeDepartment of Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, uestc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7654-1872

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Inconsistencies exist in the literature regarding the associations among age at menarche (AAM), prepregnancy menstrual characteristics, and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). These discrepancies may be attributable to variations in population demographics. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of prepregnancy menstrual characteristics and AAM on the likelihood of developing GDM among Chinese women. Methods: A 1:1 age-matched case-control study was conducted that included 2289 patients with GDM and 2289 normoglycemic pregnant women as controls at Wuhan Union Hospital from September 2020 to August 2022. Fasting blood samples were collected during 24-28 weeks of gestation. AAM and menstrual cycle characteristics were categorized and incorporated into a conditional logistic regression model that was adjusted for potential confounders. Additionally, restricted cubic spline curves were employed to assess the trend in GDM risk associated with AAM. Results: The final analysis included 4578 participants. The AAM in the GDM group presented significantly earlier than that in the normoglycemic group ( Conclusion: Early AAM, irregular menstrual cycles, and prolonged menstrual cycle length were associated with an increased risk of GDM. Among women with menarche occurring before the age of 13, there was an association with a higher risk of GDM. These indicators may help identify women at high risk and facilitate preconception interventions to prevent GDM. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2200063189.

Indexed as

Diabetes, GestationalMenarcheMenstruationAdultAge FactorsCase-Control StudiesChinaFemaleHumansPregnancyRisk FactorsYoung Adultgestational diabetes mellitusmenarchemenstrual cyclepregnancy

Identifiers

PMID41584407

DOI10.1155/jdr/2596620

PMCPMC12827057

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.