ArticleChinese herbal medicines2026
Precise subcellular organelle-targeted analyses of hepatotoxicity of
Article in Chinese herbal medicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Emodin Exerts Dual Hepatoprotective/Hepatotoxic Effects Dependent on Metabolic Microenvironment via Gut-Liver Axis Crosstalk: A Multi-Omics Study in MAFLD and Normal Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an undesirable reaction caused by drugs, herbal medicines or supplements and may lead to acute liver failure. Methods: Network pharmacology and available TCM transcriptomics databases including Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (ITCM) and HERB databases were conducted to identify the active ingredients of PMR with the potent ability to injure organelles including microsome, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus (GA), and lysosome. Organelles were isolated and cultured with adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-supplemented system. Western blotting and particle size characterization techniques were further performed to clarify the organelle heterogeneity of PMR-induced hepatotoxicity. Results: Five representative organelles were isolated from mouse livers or hepatocytes and administrated with PMR-derived active components and monomers. The results of network pharmacology and virtual screening initially identified the components of PMR that may damage different organelles. By combining experimental verification, we found that five organelles studied in this research were the target organelles for flavonoid (FVN)'s affiliated compound quercetin (QC). Mitochondria were damaged mainly by kaempferol, anthraquinone (AQ) and its monomeric components. Meanwhile, QC and emodin showed effective toxicity on endoplasmic reticulum. For microsome, QC remained the most toxic monomer. For Golgi apparatus, Conclusion: Collectively, our findings revealed the organelle heterogeneity of PMR-induced hepatotoxicity and identified quercetin as a potential toxic component in PMR. This study provides a novel conjunct strategy to screen and discover potential toxic components and shapes the understanding of toxicity warning and clinically safe use of herbal medicines such as PMR.
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