SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2025
Atherogenic lipid indices and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: This study conducts a quantitative synthesis of existing evidence to evaluate the association of two novel atherogenic lipid indices-the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)-with the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We systematically searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, and Weipu for observational studies published before July 30, 2025. Cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies reporting AIP or TG/HDL-C data in T2DM patients with or without DR were eligible. Given the anticipated clinical and methodological diversity across observational studies, we prespecified a random-effects meta-analysis as the primary model, estimating τ Results: A total of 10 studies ( Conclusion: AIP and TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in patients with DR, suggesting potential roles as lipid-related markers for identifying individuals at greater risk of retinopathy. However, due to high heterogeneity, limited study numbers, and observational design, these results should be interpreted cautiously as exploratory until validated by large, well-adjusted prospective studies. Limitations: Most included studies were conducted in Chinese populations, which may restrict the generalizability of the results to other ethnic or regional groups. Variations in genetic background, lifestyle, metabolic profiles, and diabetic retinopathy screening practices could influence the observed associations between lipid indices and DR risk. Systematic review registration: INPLASY.COM, Registration number: INPLASY2025100035.
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