Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41585683›Full record

ArticleACS omega2026

3D Bioprinted Natural Hydrogels: Rheological Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Printability Assessment of a Polysaccharide-Based Bioink.

David Picado-Tejero, Laura Mendoza-Cerezo, Jesús M Rodríguez-Rego, Antonio Macías-García, Alfonso C Marcos-Romero

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David Picado-TejeroDepartamento de Expresión Gráfica, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Laura Mendoza-CerezoDepartamento de Expresión Gráfica, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Jesús M Rodríguez-RegoDepartamento de Expresión Gráfica, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Antonio Macías-GarcíaDepartamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Energética y de los Materiales, Universidad de Extremadura, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Avenida de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Alfonso C Marcos-RomeroDepartamento de Expresión Gráfica, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The creation of natural bioinks suitable for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting remains a significant challenge in developing functional and biocompatible materials for tissue engineering. In this work, a novel bioink formulation was designed using food-grade polysaccharides, κ-carrageenan (KC), tragacanth gum (TG), and konjac glucomannan (KG), and thoroughly evaluated. Each component was tested at varying concentrations through rheological analysis, in vitro cytotoxicity assays (MTS test with HEK293T cells), and printability assessments using a commercial bioprinter. Optimal concentration ranges were identified as ≥2% for KC, ≥1.5% for TG, and 1.5-2% for KG, which were then combined into two candidate hydrogel formulations (A and B). Both exhibited viscoelastic behavior and pseudoplastic flow characteristics. Formulation B (2% KG) demonstrated greater structural rigidity (

Identifiers

PMID41585683
PMCPMC12824721

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.