Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41586336›Full record

ReviewAmerican heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice2026

Beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction with preserved LVEF (≥50%): a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis with time-to-event reconstruction.

Ali Saad Al-Shammari, Yousif Hameed Kurmasha, M Rafiqul Islam, Bara M Hammadeh, Nabeel Ibraheem Khaleel, Belal Mohamed Hamed, Haider Altaii, Nihar Jena, Jennifer Gerdes, George Sokos and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ali Saad Al-ShammariDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA.
Yousif Hameed KurmashaDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
M Rafiqul IslamDepartment of Internal Medicine, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Bara M HammadehDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa' Applied University, Salt, Jordan.
Nabeel Ibraheem KhaleelDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ibn Al-Bitar Specialized Center for Cardiac Surgery, Baghdad, Iraq.
Belal Mohamed HamedDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Haider AltaiiDepartment of Cardiology, Aultman Deuble Heart & Vascular Hospital, Aultman Health System, Canton, OH, USA.
Nihar JenaDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA.
Jennifer GerdesDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA.
George SokosDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA.
Ramesh DaggubatiDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA.
Yasar SattarDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Camden Clark Medical Center, Parkersburg, WV, USA.
Marwan RefaatDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The role of β-blockers in MI with preserved LVEF (≥50%) remains unclear. This Bayesian meta-analysis assessed their effect on mortality and major cardiovascular outcomes. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus from database inception to September 2025 for studies assessing BB use in post-MI patients with preserved LVEF. All-cause mortality was the primary outcome. A Bayesian random-effects model was applied using the bayesmeta package in RStudio, with effect sizes expressed as risk ratios (RRs) and 95% credible intervals (CrIs). Between-study heterogeneity was assessed through posterior τ estimates. Time-to-event outcomes were analyzed using reconstructed individual patient data from published Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Six studies, including 17,068 patients, met the inclusion criteria. BB therapy was associated with a posterior risk ratio (RR 0.79; 95% CrI 0.55-1.06) suggesting a possible reduction in all-cause mortality; however, the credible interval included the null, indicating uncertainty in the magnitude or direction of effect. The posterior estimates for cardiovascular death (RR 0.84; 95% CrI 0.55-1.23), stroke (RR 0.92; 95% CrI 0.58-1.49), myocardial infarction (RR 1.04; 95% CrI 0.80-1.40), heart failure (RR 0.84; 95% CrI 0.55-1.23), MACE (RR 1.09; 95% CrI 0.76-1.51), and unplanned revascularization (RR 1.06; 95% CrI 0.75-1.48) also showed wide credible intervals overlapping 1.0, reflecting uncertainty in potential treatment effects. Heterogeneity across outcomes was generally low to moderate. In time-to-event analyses, the frequentist stratified model showed a statistically significant survival benefit with β-blockers (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.81-0.92), whereas the Bayesian model indicated a similar trend, but the credible interval (HR 0.60; 95% CrI 0.26-1.41) included the null, suggesting no strong evidence of effect. Conclusion: β-blockers were not associated with a clear reduction in all-cause mortality or other outcomes, as credible intervals included the null. Large, randomized trials are needed to define their long-term role in this population.

Indexed as

Acute myocardial infarctionBeta-blockersHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Identifiers

PMID41586336
PMCPMC12828762

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.