Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41586895›Full record

ArticleMikrochimica acta2026

Urease-driven nanomotors loaded with sorafenib for magnetically-guided accumulation and deep tissue penetration towards hepatocellular carcinoma therapy via ferroptosis induction.

Changxing Hua, Zeyi Lu, Wenjing Cui, Wei Ren, Yi Xu, Jinglin Li, Xudong Zhao, Shiyong Zhao, Pengcheng Kang, Yunfu Cui

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Changxing Hua *Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Zeyi Lu *Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Wenjing CuiPostgraduate Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Wei RenThe second Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150056, China.
Yi XuDepartment of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Jinglin LiDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Xudong ZhaoDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Shiyong ZhaoDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China.
Pengcheng KangDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China. kang_pengcheng@126.com.
Yunfu CuiDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China. yfcui7@163.com.

Funding

Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation Y-QL202201-0020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for 75-85% of liver cancers, faces limited therapeutic efficacy due to late-stage diagnosis, high malignancy, and poor drug permeability. Sorafenib (SF), a first-line multi-kinase inhibitor for unresectable HCC, suffers from low tumor-targeting efficiency and adverse effects. This study proposes a urease-driven nanomotor system (CUNMs + SF) to enhance SF delivery and tumor penetration. The nanomotors utilize porous magnetic silica nanoparticles (PMSNs) loaded with SF and modified with cyclodextrin-urease hybrids. This design enables magnetic targeting to HCC sites and autonomous propulsion via urea-fueled enzymatic conversion, overcoming physiological barriers in the tumor microenvironment.The system exhibits pH-responsive drug release (triggered at pH < 6.5) and induces ferroptosis in HCC cells by inhibiting the SLC7A13/GSH/GPX4 pathway, effectively suppressing tumor growth. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate superior tumor accumulation, deep tissue penetration, and enhanced therapeutic outcomes compared to conventional SF. This work pioneers the application of enzyme-powered nanomotors in HCC therapy, addressing the limitations of systemic drug delivery while leveraging tumor-specific biochemical cues. The findings highlight the potential of biohybrid nanomotors for targeted cancer treatment and inspire future developments in stimuli-responsive nanomedicine for challenging malignancies.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsCarcinoma, HepatocellularFerroptosisLiver NeoplasmsSorafenibUreaseAnimalsCell Line, TumorDrug CarriersDrug LiberationHumansMagnetite NanoparticlesMiceSilicon DioxideAntineoplastic AgentsDrug CarriersMagnetite NanoparticlesSilicon DioxideSorafenibUreaseFerroptosisHepatocellular carcinomaMagnetic silica nanoparticlesNanomotorsSorafenibUrease

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.