ArticleBMC public health2026
Longitudinal associations of sarcopenia and biological age acceleration with rate of cognitive decline.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEvidence linking sarcopenia to cognitive outcomes is largely cross-sectional; longitudinal studies are limited, and whether biological age acceleration modifies this relationship remains unclear.
methodsData were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) spanning 2011–2015. Sarcopenia was identified based on three indicators: appendicular skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Cognitive trajectories were evaluated using standardized z-scores for global cognition and individual domains. Biological age was calculated using chronological age, creatinine, glucose, and C-reactive protein. To assess longitudinal associations, linear mixed-effects models with random intercepts and slopes were employed. We further tested for interactions and combined effects involving biological age acceleration.
resultsA total of 4,376 participants (mean age: 58.2 years; 52.9% female) were included. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with accelerated decline in three cognitive domains and global cognition [β = -0.11, 95% CI: -0.16 to -0.06]. Stratified analyses further indicated an interaction with biological aging, as the adverse impact of sarcopenia on cognition was more pronounced among participants with accelerated biological aging, particularly in memory and global cognition. In addition, when sarcopenia and accelerated biological aging coexisted, the combined effect corresponded to the greatest cognitive decline [temporal orientation: β = -0.17, 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.07; memory function: β = -0.16, 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.06; global cognition: β = -0.14, 95% CI: -0.22 to -0.06].
conclusionsSarcopenia is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline, particularly among individuals with accelerated biological aging. These findings underscore the need to integrate sarcopenia management with strategies targeting biological aging to mitigate cognitive decline in older populations.
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