ReviewCureus2025
Surgical Stress Response: A Physiological Review of the Endocrine, Immune, and Metabolic Changes.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparative effectiveness of regional analgesia techniques after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- DAMPs and PAMPs in the Perioperative Period: Danger Signaling, Immune Dysfunction, and Oncologic Implications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Systemic Stress Biomarkers and Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Laparoscopic IPOM+ and Open Rives-Stoppa Repair for Ventral Incisional Hernia: A Prospective Non-Randomized Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Achieving Protein Requirements Through Oral Feeding in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Low preoperative adiponectin levels are associated with postoperative systemic inflammatory response following major colorectal cancer surgery.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
- Cancer-related cognitive impairment in adult cancer survivors: a clinical practice review for healthcare providers.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Review
- Guided immunotherapy for residual solid tumor: integrating platelets and CAR T cells to reduce post-surgical recurrence.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- From Static Risk Estimates to Dynamic Clinical Trajectories: A Conceptual Analysis of Perioperative Medicine.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2026Article
- Salivary Cortisol Response After Ropivacaine-Dexamethasone Administration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Elevated stress hyperglycemia ratio predicts intensive care unit admission after surgery for gastrointestinal tumors: an INSPIRE database analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Peri-operative nutrition in femoral neck fracture arthroplasty: a pragmatic framework to mitigate dual-hit catabolism and improve outcomes.Orthopedic reviews · 2026Article
- Perioperative immune trajectories in severe scoliosis surgery: a retrospective study of 2,736 patients undergoing corrective surgery for severe scoliosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Post-Cholecystectomy nutritional management: a comprehensive review of evidence-based guidelines and clinical practice.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Risk stratification of postoperative enteral feeding intolerance using explainable machine learning in oral cancer free flap reconstruction.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Surgical intervention triggers a complex physiological cascade, also known as the surgical stress response, which entails well-coordinated immunological, metabolic, and neuroendocrine processes. This systematic review summarizes the existing evidence from 11 studies published between 2015 and 2025, investigating the underlying mechanisms, regulatory interactions, and clinical implications of this multifactorial response. Central stress pathway activation triggers immediate hormonal increase, stabilizing circulation and energy reserves, but chronic endocrine stimulation has the potential to increase metabolic and immune imbalances and results in a delayed recovery. The ensuing immune dynamics display an initial inflammatory phase followed by transient suppression, collectively influencing tissue repair and infection susceptibility. Parallel metabolic adaptations enhance energy production but often induce insulin resistance and protein catabolism, contributing to postoperative fatigue and functional decline. These interdependent mechanisms form a unified neuroendocrine-immune-metabolic network that can shift from adaptive to maladaptive under persistent stress. New evidence indicates that biomarkers such as cortisol, IL-6, glucose, and albumin serve as predictors of postoperative complications, including infection, impaired wound healing, and increased morbidity. Various perioperative interventions, such as the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery programs, immunonutrition, and metabolic administration, exhibit the possibility of maximizing such responses. The review combines both mechanistic and clinical perspectives to promote precision-based perioperative tactics to enhance surgical and recovery outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.