Twisting Tube Artificial Muscle (TTAM) and Its Application in Agonist and Antagonist Drive.

Jiutian Xia, Jialong Cao, Tao Ren, Yonghua Chen, Ye Chen, Yunquan Li

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jiutian XiaThe Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.ORCID 0009-0002-4006-9590

Jialong CaoThe Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

Tao RenSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610500, China.

Yonghua ChenThe Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.

Ye ChenThe Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

Yunquan LiThe Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2025ZYGXZR049National Natural Science Foundation of China 52405019

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are inherently compliant and relatively safe. They are widely used in applications where human beings and robots interact closely, such as service robots or medical robots. However, PAMs are constrained by bulky pumps and valve control systems, limiting their mobility, portability, and practical applications. In this research, a novel type of artificial muscle, namely Twisting Tube Artificial Muscle (TTAM), is presented. In a TTAM design, fluid (pressurized air in this research) is contained inside an elastic tube (constrained by a braiding). By twisting the tube from one end, the fluid inside the twisted part will be extruded to the untwisted part, resulting in a pressure increase inside the untwisted part. Both the twisted and untwisted parts will thus contract. Modeling and experimental characterization of the TTAM are conducted. In an experimental test at 100 kPa initial air pressure, after a 6π twisting angle, the internal pressure of a prototype TTAM is increased to 219 kPa, and the largest contraction force of the TTAM was up to 200 N. A novel antagonistic robotic joint actuated by two TTAMs is developed as a sample application.

Indexed as

agonist and antagonist drivesfluidic artificial musclessoft roboticstwisting tube actuation

Identifiers

PMID41589956

DOI10.3390/biomimetics11010038

PMCPMC12838944

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.