Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41590241›Full record

ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Predictors of Severe Herpes Zoster: Contributions of Immunosenescence, Metabolic Risk, and Lifestyle Behaviors.

Mariana Lupoae, Fănică Bălănescu, Caterina Nela Dumitru, Aurel Nechita, Mădălina Nicoleta Matei, Simona Claudia Ștefan, Alin Laurențiu Tatu, Elena Niculet, Alina Oana Dumitru, Andreea Lupoae and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mariana LupoaeFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.ORCID 0000-0003-1852-4024
Fănică BălănescuFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.ORCID 0000-0003-1949-4218
Caterina Nela DumitruFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.
Aurel NechitaFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.
Mădălina Nicoleta MateiFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.
Simona Claudia ȘtefanFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.
Alin Laurențiu TatuFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.ORCID 0000-0003-4290-7068
Elena NiculetFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-9249-5247
Alina Oana DumitruFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.
Andreea LupoaeEmergency Clinical Hospital "Sf. Apostol Andrei", 800010 Galati, Romania.
Dana TutunaruFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galați, Romania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHerpes zoster (HZ) represents a substantial public health concern among aging populations, yet regional variability in clinical patterns and risk determinants remains insufficiently documented. In southeastern Romania, epidemiological data are limited, and the combined influence of demographic, behavioral, and metabolic factors on disease severity has not been systematically evaluated.

methodsWe performed a retrospective observational study including 100 consecutive patients diagnosed with HZ between 2019 and 2023 in a dermatology department in southeastern Romania. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, anthropometric status, clinical manifestations, and outcomes were extracted from medical records. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using Chi-square tests and Cramer's V, while interaction patterns were explored through log-linear modeling. Heatmaps were generated in Python (version 3.10) using the Matplotlib library (version 3.7.1) to visualize distribution patterns and subgroup relationships.

resultsThe cohort showed a marked age dependence, with 77% of cases occurring in individuals ≥ 60 years, consistent with immunosenescence-driven reactivation. Women represented 59% of cases, and 84.7% of female patients were postmenopausal. Urban residents predominated (91%). Vesicular eruption (84%) and acute pain (79%) were the most frequent symptoms. Localized HZ was observed in 81% of cases, while ophthalmic involvement (11%) and disseminated forms (8%) were less common. Lifestyle factors significantly influenced clinical severity: smokers, alcohol consumers, and sedentary individuals exhibited higher proportions of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and ocular complications (

conclusionsThese findings support a multifactorial model of HZ severity in southeastern Romania, shaped by age, lifestyle behaviors, hormonal status, and metabolic risk. While incidence patterns align with international data, the strong impact of modifiable factors on complication rates highlights the need for targeted prevention and individualized risk assessment. Results offer a regional perspective that may inform future multicenter investigations.

Indexed as

epidemiologyherpes zosterimmunosenescencelifestyle factorsmetabolic dysfunctionophthalmic zosterpostherpetic neuralgiarisk factorsRomaniavaricella-zoster virus

Identifiers

PMID41590241
PMCPMC12840151

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.