ArticleJCI insight2026
Rare variable M. tuberculosis antigens induce predominant Th17 responses in human infection.
Article in JCI insight, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis determining protection or disease progression.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteriology and immunity necessitate a multi-pronged immune strategy for vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Article
- Immunopeptidomics can inform the design of mRNA vaccines for the delivery ofScience translational medicine · 2025Article
- Finding and filling the knowledge gaps in mechanisms of T cell-mediated TB immunity to inform vaccine design.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- A Plasma Metabolic Signature to Diagnose Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Monitor Treatment Response.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A broader evaluation of vaccine-induced T cell immunity against tuberculosis.Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Update ofRare Variable2024
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
CD4 T cells are essential for immunity to M tuberculosis (Mtb), and emerging evidence indicates that IL-17-producing Th17 cells contribute to immunity to Mtb. While identifying protective T cell effector functions is important for TB vaccine design, T cell antigen specificity is also likely to be important. To identify antigens that induce protective immunity, we reasoned that, as in other pathogens, effective immune recognition drives sequence diversity in individual Mtb antigens. We previously identified Mtb genes under evolutionary diversifying selection pressure whose products we term Rare Variable Mtb Antigens (RVMA). Here, in 2 distinct human cohorts with recent exposure to TB, we found that RVMA preferentially induce CD4 T cells that express RoRγt and produce IL-17, in contrast to "classical" Mtb antigens that induce T cells that produce IFN-γ. Together with emerging evidence showing human Th17 responses are associated with prevention of progression to TB disease, our results suggest that RVMA can be valuable antigens in vaccines for those already infected with Mtb to amplify existing antigen-specific Th17 responses to prevent TB disease.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.