ArticleScientific reports2026
Kaempferol inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by targeting the TNF-α/NF-κB and SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heat shock protein-mediated remodeling of the bone immune microenvironment: mechanisms and precision therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Research progress on the intervention of osteoporosis by Chinese herbal monomers based on the Nrf2/NF-κB/MAPK pathway.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of natural products from Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of osteoporosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Kaempferol exerts an important regulatory effect on osteoporosis, while its mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-osteoporotic effect of kaempferol. Potential targets of kaempferol (197 genes) were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Meanwhile, osteoporosis-related targets (986 non-redundant genes) were compiled from disease-specific databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed to identify 37 core targets. Subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed 3,295 biological processes and 205 signaling pathways, respectively. Molecular docking results demonstrated that kaempferol has high binding affinities with AKT, NF-κB, PI3K, SRC, and TNF-α. For experimental validation, RAW 264.7 cells were used: cell viability was assessed via the Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay; osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption were evaluated through tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and toluidine blue staining, respectively; oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and molecular mechanisms were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting to detect osteoclast-related molecules (RANK, CSF1R, c-Fos, CTSK, and MMP-9) and signaling pathway proteins. Kaempferol significantly increased the viability of RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.05). TRAP and toluidine blue staining showed dose-dependent decreases in osteoclast number and resorption area (P < 0.05). Additionally, kaempferol concentration-dependently reduced ROS and MDA levels while increasing SOD activity. It also significantly downregulated the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes (RANK, CSF1R, c-Fos, CTSK, and MMP-9; P < 0.05) and inhibited the activation of the TNF-α/NF-κB and SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. The predictions from network pharmacology were validated experimentally, confirming that kaempferol exerts dual inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation and oxidative stress. The coordinated inhibition of RANK/M-CSF signaling and its downstream TNF-α/NF-κB and SRC/PI3K/AKT pathways underpins the anti-resorptive activity of kaempferol..
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.