Evidence mapPaperPMID 41593302Full record

ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2026

A Retrospective Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Patterns Among Individuals with Diabetes Receiving Insulin Therapy in Japan: The Insulin JP2DB Study.

Michiaki Fukui, Satoshi Tsuboi, Yuiko Yamamoto, Yasuo Terauchi

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Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Michiaki FukuiGraduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Satoshi TsuboiNovo Nordisk Pharma Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
Yuiko YamamotoNovo Nordisk Pharma Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. yuya@novonordisk.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2673-6238
Yasuo TerauchiYokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis retrospective database study investigated trends in insulin and use of concomitant noninsulin glucose-lowering medication (NIGLM) among Japanese individuals with diabetes.

methodsThe study comprised two analyses: (1) a serial cross-sectional analysis of patterns in insulin treatment by year (database: Real World Data); and (2) a longitudinal retrospective cohort analysis that examined insulin treatment and individuals' characteristics (database: DeSC). Individuals initiating insulin in an inpatient or outpatient setting were followed up for 9 months (type 2 diabetes [T2D]) or 21 months (type 1 diabetes [T1D]) to evaluate treatment changes over time.

resultsThe serial cross-sectional analysis included 4953 individuals (T2D, n = 4693; T1D, n = 260). The proportion of participants with T2D receiving concomitant NIGLMs increased from 31% in 2002 to 61% in 2021; from 2014 onwards, more than 30% of insulin-treated and basal-insulin-treated individuals treated with concomitant NIGLMs received dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Since 2018, use of concomitant NIGLMs in T1D has increased. The longitudinal retrospective cohort analysis included 27,492 individuals (T2D, n = 27,031; T1D, n = 461). Among participants with T2D who initiated insulin in an inpatient setting, 70.8% received bolus insulin at initiation, with this proportion declining to 17.3% after 9 months; proportions of participants receiving basal insulin and of those receiving basal-bolus insulin increased over the same period (6.3-31.1% and 17.0-23.4%, respectively). The majority of participants with T2D who initiated insulin in an outpatient setting received basal insulin at initiation (hospital, 53.9%; clinic, 58.9%). Among participants with T1D who initiated insulin in an inpatient setting, 57.9% received bolus insulin, and basal-bolus insulin was the predominant regimen after 1 month (85.0%); in outpatient settings, basal-bolus insulin was the predominant regimen throughout the study.

conclusionIn Japan, the most prominent insulin regimen at initiation varied across settings in T2D but not in T1D; use of concomitant NIGLMs increased over time in both.

Indexed as

Cohort analysisDatabaseInsulinJapanNoninsulin glucose-lowering medicationSerial cross-sectional analysisType 1 diabetesType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41593302
PMCPMC13000010

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.