Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41594640›Full record

ReviewBiomolecules2026

Marine Derived Natural Products: Emerging Therapeutics Against Herpes Simplex Virus Infection.

Vaibhav Tiwari, James Elste, Chunyu Wang, Fuming Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Vaibhav TiwariDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8798-6815
James ElsteDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7970-0485
Chunyu WangDepartments of Biological Science, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Fuming ZhangDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2803-3704

Funding

Heparan Sulfate 3-O-Sulfation in Transcellular Propagation of Tauopathy in Alzheimer's DiseaseRF1AG069039 · NIA · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI LINHARDT, ROBERT J, LIU, JIAN · 2020 to 2020
$2.6M
ApoE and Heparan Sulfate Interaction in Alzheimer’s DiseaseR01AG087305 · NIA · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI JIAN LIU, Chunyu Wang · 2024 to 2026
$2.3M
Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid Mass Spectrometer as a Regional ResourceS10OD032168 · OD · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI ZHANG, FUMING · 2023 to 2023
$1.2M
Predoctoral Training Program for Alzheimer’s Disease at the Interface of Data Science, Engineering and BiologyT32AG078123 · NIA · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI Chunyu Wang · 2023 to 2026
$974k
Rensselaer Alzheimer’s Fellows to Accelerate Entrepreneurship in Life Sciences (RAFAELs)R25AG088409 · NIA · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI Jonathan S. Dordick, ERIC H LEDET · 2024 to 2026
$773k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG087305NIA NIH HHS R25 AG088409NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG069039NIA NIH HHS T32 AG078123NIH HHS S10 OD032168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are highly prevalent human pathogens that establish lifelong latency in sensory neurons, posing a persistent challenge to global public health. Their clinical manifestations range from mild, self-limiting orolabial lesions to severe, life-threatening conditions such as disseminated neonatal infections, focal encephalitis, and herpetic stromal keratitis, which can lead to irreversible corneal blindness. Beyond direct pathology, HSV-mediated genital ulcerative disease (GUD) significantly enhances mucosal susceptibility to HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections, amplifying co-infection risk and disease burden. Despite decades of clinical reliance on nucleoside analogues such as acyclovir, the therapeutic landscape has stagnated with rising antiviral resistance, toxicity associated with prolonged use, and the complete inability of current drugs to eliminate latency or prevent reactivation continue to undermine effective disease control. These persistent gaps underscore an urgent need for next-generation antivirals that operate through fundamentally new mechanisms. Marine ecosystems, the planet's most chemically diverse environments, are providing an expanding repertoire of antiviral compounds with significant therapeutic promise. Recent discoveries reveal that marine-derived polysaccharides, sulfated glycans, peptides, alkaloids, and microbial metabolites exhibit remarkably potent and multi-targeted anti-HSV activities, disrupting viral attachment, fusion, replication, and egress, while also reshaping host antiviral immunity. Together, these agents showcase mechanisms and scaffolds entirely distinct from existing therapeutics. This review integrates emerging evidence on structural diversity, mechanistic breadth, and translational promise of marine natural products with anti-HSV activity. Collectively, these advances position marine-derived compounds as powerful, untapped scaffolds capable of reshaping the future of HSV therapeutics.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsAquatic OrganismsBiological ProductsHerpes SimplexSimplexvirusAnimalsHerpesvirus 1, HumanHumansAntiviral AgentsBiological Productsanti-inflammatoryantiviralherpes simplex virusHSV entrymarine derived sulfated glycansviral entry inhibitorsvirus host cell interactions

Identifiers

PMID41594640
PMCPMC12839294

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.