Evidence mapPaperPMID 41595159Full record

ArticleCancers2026

Prognostic Impact of RTK-RAS Alterations in FOLFOX-Treated Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Revealed by Artificial Intelligence-Driven Precision Oncology.

Fernando C Diaz, Brigette Waldrup, Francisco G Carranza, Sophia Manjarrez, Enrique Velazquez-Villarreal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Fernando C DiazLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2602-1526
Brigette WaldrupDepartment of Integrative Translational Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-5991-9779
Francisco G CarranzaDepartment of Integrative Translational Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1789-4197
Sophia ManjarrezDepartment of Integrative Translational Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-0607-1784
Enrique Velazquez-VillarrealDepartment of Integrative Translational Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3603-6414

Funding

Small Animal Studies CoreP30CA033572 · NCI · CITY OF HOPE/BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE · 1985 to 2025
$31.1M
USC PE-GCS: Optimizing Engagement of Hispanic Colorectal Cancer Patients in Cancer Genomic Characterization StudiesU2CCA252971 · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · 2025 to 2025
$3.7M
Project 2U54CA285116 · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · 2025 to 2025
$1.4M
Research EducationU54CA285114 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE · 2025 to 2025
$1.4M
NCI NIH HHS P30CA033572NCI NIH HHS U2CCA252971NCI NIH HHS U54 CA285114NCI NIH HHS U54 CA285116NCI NIH HHS U54CA285116
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesEarly-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC; diagnosed before age 50) is rising at an accelerated rate, with a disproportionate impact on underserved populations. While alterations in the receptor tyrosine kinase-RAS (RTK-RAS) signaling pathway play a fundamental role in colorectal cancer (CRC) biology, their prognostic significance in the setting of FOLFOX chemotherapy-particularly across different age groups and ancestral backgrounds-remains insufficiently characterized. We sought to characterize age-, ancestry-, and treatment-specific associations between RTK-RAS alterations and clinical outcomes using an AI-enabled precision oncology framework.

methodsWe analyzed 2515 CRC cases, including 266 Hispanic/Latino (H/L) and 2249 non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients, stratified by age at onset, ancestry, and FOLFOX treatment status. Mutation frequencies were assessed using Fisher's exact and chi-square tests, while overall survival was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier methods. The AI-HOPE and AI-HOPE-RTK-RAS conversational artificial intelligence platforms were used to integrate clinical, genomic, and treatment data via multi-parameter, natural language-based queries.

resultsIn early-onset Hispanic/Latino patients, ERBB2 and NF1 mutations occurred at significantly lower frequencies in FOLFOX-treated cases compared with untreated cases (

conclusionsRTK-RAS pathway alterations demonstrate strong age-, ancestry-, and treatment-specific prognostic effects and may serve as precision biomarkers of differential chemotherapy response. AI-enabled analytics substantially accelerated integrative biomarker discovery, supporting their utility for advancing precision oncology in EOCRC.

Indexed as

AI-agentsartificial intelligencebiomarkerscancer epidemiologycancer incidenceearly-onset colorectal cancerFOLFOX chemotherapygenetic epidemiologyRTK–RAS signaling pathway

Identifiers

PMID41595159
PMCPMC12838724

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.