Evidence mapPaperPMID 41595260Full record

ArticleCancers2026

CT Body Composition Changes Predict Survival in Immunotherapy-Treated Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Shlomit Tamir, Hilla Vardi Behar, Ronen Tal, Ruthy Tal Jasper, Mor Armoni, Hadar Pratt Aloni, Rotem Iris Orad, Hillary Voet, Eli Atar, Ahuva Grubstein and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Shlomit TamirRadiology Department, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-6481-8659
Hilla Vardi BeharDavidoff Cancer Center and Samueli Integrative Cancer Pioneering Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.
Ronen TalDavidoff Cancer Center and Samueli Integrative Cancer Pioneering Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.
Ruthy Tal JasperDavidoff Cancer Center and Samueli Integrative Cancer Pioneering Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.ORCID 0009-0007-0251-7758
Mor ArmoniRadiology Department, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.
Hadar Pratt AloniDavidoff Cancer Center and Samueli Integrative Cancer Pioneering Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.
Rotem Iris OradGray Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Hillary VoetDepartment of Environmental Economics and Management, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-4928-365X
Eli AtarRadiology Department, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-8574-2235
Ahuva GrubsteinRadiology Department, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-8930-6932
Salomon M StemmerGray Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Gal MarkelDavidoff Cancer Center and Samueli Integrative Cancer Pioneering Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundComputed tomography (CT)-derived body composition parameters, including skeletal muscle and fat indices, are prognosticators in oncology. Most studies focus on baseline body-composition parameters; however, changes during treatment may provide better prognostic value. Standardized methods for measuring/reporting these parameters remain limited.

methodsThis retrospective study included patients who were treated with immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), or melanoma between 2017 and 2024 and had technically adequate baseline and follow-up CT scans. Body composition was analyzed using a novel, fully automated software (CompoCT) for L3 slice selection and segmentation. Body composition indices (e.g., skeletal muscle index [SMI]) were calculated by dividing the cross-sectional area by the patient's height squared.

resultsThe cohort included 376 patients (mean [SD] age 66.4 [11.4] years, 67.3% male, 72.6% NSCLC, 14.6% RCC, and 12.8% melanoma). During a median follow-up of 21 months, 220 (58.5%) died. Baseline body composition parameters were not associated with mortality, except for a weak protective effect of higher SMI (HR = 0.98,

conclusionsLongitudinal decreases in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous fat were independent predictors of mortality in immunotherapy-treated patients. Automated CT-based body composition analysis may support treatment decisions during immunotherapy.

Indexed as

body compositioncomputed tomographydeep learningimmunotherapylongitudinal changeprognosissarcopeniaskeletal musclesolid tumorssubcutaneous fat

Identifiers

PMID41595260
PMCPMC12839126

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.