Evidence mapPaperPMID 41595697Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2026

From Cerebrovascular Injury to Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Smara Sigdel, Harshal Sawant, Brandon Xiang Yu, Annie Chen, Rakan Albalawy, Jinju Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Smara SigdelDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-4466-0127
Harshal SawantDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-7908-4050
Brandon Xiang YuDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.
Annie ChenDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.
Rakan AlbalawyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6509-6803
Jinju WangDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1210-7676

Funding

American Heart Association 24TPA1291189American Heart Association 935826the NASA West Virginia Space Grant Consortium 80NSSC20M0055
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) encompass a spectrum of cognitive syndromes ranging from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia, accounting for approximately 15-20% of all dementia cases and representing the second most common form of dementia. Despite its high prevalence and clinical burden, effective therapeutic strategies remain lacking. Increasing evidence indicates that vascular dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of VCID by compromising cerebrovascular integrity, impairing endothelial function, and disrupting neurovascular coupling, which collectively contribute to cognitive decline. Stem cells have emerged as promising candidates for promoting vascular repair and neurovascular coupling. Notably, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells exert reparative and protective effects by transferring bioactive molecules that enhance endothelial function and preserve the blood-brain barrier (BBB) function to affected regions. This review summarizes the current knowledge of VCID from a vascular perspective, highlights recent advances in understanding stem cells and their derived EVs in promoting vascular repair and alleviating cognitive decline, and discusses future directions for translating these insights into innovative therapeutic strategies for VCID.

Indexed as

BBB dysfunctioncerebrovascular integrity impairmentextracellular vesiclesstem cellsvascular cognitive impairment and dementiavascular dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID41595697
PMCPMC12838627

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.