Evidence mapPaperPMID 41596171Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Small but Mighty: Low Bio-Accessibility Preserves Polyphenols from Mini Purple Carrots for Direct Action Against Colon Cancer Cells.

Amel Hamdi, Emel Hasan Yusuf, Rocío Rodríguez-Arcos, Ana Jiménez-Araujo, Paulina Nowicka, Rafael Guillén-Bejarano, Sara Jaramillo-Carmona

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Amel HamdiPhytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9751-6035
Emel Hasan YusufDepartment of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, The Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
Rocío Rodríguez-ArcosPhytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0003-4345
Ana Jiménez-AraujoPhytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2695-4588
Paulina NowickaDepartment of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, The Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5626-2662
Rafael Guillén-BejaranoPhytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain.
Sara Jaramillo-CarmonaLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-4468-3192

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carrots are exceptional sources of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. This study investigated the relationship between the biodiversity of carrot cultivars (colour and size) and their potential chemopreventive properties. Four distinct carrot cultivars (orange, white, yellow, and purple) of normal and miniature sizes were comprehensively analysed for polyphenolic composition, bio-accessibility through in vitro simulated digestion, and in vitro antiproliferative activity against the HCT-116 colon cancer cell line. Our findings revealed that vegetable size influenced phytochemical composition more than vegetable colour, with mini purple carrots exhibiting exceptionally high polyphenolic concentrations and superior antiproliferative activity compared to orange, yellow, or white varieties. Notably, the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds remained remarkably low across all samples, suggesting that these phytochemicals reach the colon in intact form, potentially enabling direct interaction with cancer cells. Interestingly, we found no direct correlation between total phenolic content and antiproliferative activity. In vitro cell cycle analysis revealed that mini purple carrot extracts induced S-phase arrest similar to the chemotherapeutic agent 5-FU, whereas other extracts caused G0/G1-phase arrest. The specific polyphenolic composition appears to be fundamentally important for bioactivity, with chlorogenic acid and diferulic acid-derivative isomer 2 potentially acting synergistically. These findings highlight the importance of carrot biodiversity in delivering functional foods with enhanced health-promoting properties, particularly for colorectal cancer prevention.

Indexed as

antiproliferative activitybioaccessibilitybiodiversitycarrotscolorectal cancer preventionfunctional foodsphytochemical profilepolyphenols

Identifiers

PMID41596171
PMCPMC12837399

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.