Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41596180›Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Functional and Molecular Characterization of Melamine-Induced Disruption of Human Spermatozoa via Oxidative Stress and Apoptotic Pathways: An In Vitro Study.

Francesca Paola Luongo, Eugenia Annunzi, Rosetta Ponchia, Francesca Girolamo, Giuseppe Morgante, Paola Piomboni, Alice Luddi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Francesca Paola LuongoDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Eugenia AnnunziDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5181-2381
Rosetta PonchiaDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Francesca GirolamoDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.ORCID 0009-0003-3534-5113
Giuseppe MorganteDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5024-2321
Paola PiomboniDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2987-7028
Alice LuddiDepartment of Molecular and Development Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4946-7336

Funding

University of Siena New Frontiers (F-NF) 2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Melamine, a nitrogen-rich industrial chemical, has raised increasing concern as an emerging environmental contaminant with potential reproductive toxicity. While its nephrotoxic effects are well established, the direct impact of melamine on human sperm remains poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of melamine on human sperm, under both capacitating and non-capacitating conditions. Functional analyses revealed that the exposure to 0.8 mM melamine, the highest non-cytotoxic concentration in vitro, significantly compromised sperm motility and disrupted key capacitation processes, including tyrosine phosphorylation patterns, cholesterol efflux, and the acrosome reaction. Molecular assessments demonstrated melamine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by

Indexed as

male infertilitymelaminemitochondrial dysfunctionoxidative sperm DNA damagesperm capacitationsperm DNA fragmentation

Identifiers

PMID41596180
PMCPMC12837316

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.