Evidence mapPaperPMID 41596917Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Biochemical Markers Predictive of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Self-Selected Pilot Sample of Muslim Adolescents in Melilla.

Miriam Mohatar-Barba, María López-Olivares, Emilio González-Jiménez, Aída García-González, Javier S Perona, Carmen Enrique-Mirón

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Miriam Mohatar-BarbaDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7334-7609
María López-OlivaresDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0274-2441
Emilio González-JiménezInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5103-6028
Aída García-GonzálezDepartment of Food and Health, Institute of Fat-CSIC, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2567-9916
Javier S PeronaDepartment of Food and Health, Institute of Fat-CSIC, Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5919-993X
Carmen Enrique-MirónHUM-613 Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, C/Santander s/n, 52005 Melilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1535-5790

Funding

Universidad de Granada al Programa de Estimulación a la Investigación del Plan Propio de Investigación del año 2023 de la Universidad de Granada.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in adolescence is high due to their widespread availability and accessibility and has been linked to increased cardiometabolic risk. In the Autonomous City of Melilla, an environment with particular cultural and religious characteristics, it is relevant to analyze the relationship of UPFs with metabolic markers of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is a cross-sectional pilot study on 31 Muslim adolescents aged 15 to 17 years. The NOVA food classification was used to identify UPFs. The final sample comprised Muslim adolescents because written consent for venous blood sampling was obtained only from Muslim families/legal guardians. Separate multiple linear regression models adjusted for sex were fitted to examine the associations between UPF intake (%E/day) and each cardiometabolic and inflammatory marker. Higher UPF intake was positively associated with BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, waist-to-height indicator (ICA), and fasting glucose after controlling for the false discovery rate (q < 0.05). Regarding the inflammatory component, Muslim girls had elevated levels of IL-7, IL-10, and IL-13, and Muslim boys had higher levels of MIP-1β. In addition, IL-8 correlated positively with waist circumference, BMI, and the HDL/LDL ratio, while MCP-1 was negatively associated with Apo A1, total cholesterol, and HDL. In this exploratory pilot study, higher intake of UPF appears to be associated with greater central adiposity and higher fasting glucose; these hypothesis-generating findings warrant confirmation in larger, representative samples and may inform culturally adapted nutritional screening in Melilla.

Indexed as

adolescentsinflammationreligiontype 2 diabetes mellitusultra-processed foods

Identifiers

PMID41596917
PMCPMC12841112

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.