Evidence mapPaperPMID 41597248Full record

ReviewCells2026

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Cardioplegic Protection in Surgical Myocardial Revascularization.

Dejan M Lazović, Milica Karadžić Kočica, Dragan Ivanišević, Vojkan Aleksić, Mladen J Kočica, Danko Grujić, Jovana M Mihajlović, Dragan Cvetković, Stefan A Juričić

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dejan M LazovićClinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Milica Karadžić KočicaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Dragan IvaniševićClinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0009-0006-8237-9641
Vojkan AleksićClinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Mladen J KočicaClinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-1391-5053
Danko GrujićClinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Jovana M MihajlovićFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Dragan CvetkovićClinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Stefan A JuričićClinic for Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 8th Kosta Todorović St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-3045-5263

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains the gold standard for patients with advanced multivessel coronary artery disease. Optimal myocardial protection versus ischemia during reversible and controlled cardiac arrest is a cornerstone of successful outcomes. Myocardial ischemia represents a state of reduced coronary perfusion with oxygenated blood, insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of the myocardium. Conventional cardioplegic solutions offer controlled and reversible cardiac arrest while actively modulating the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cardioplegia dramatically elongates the reversible period of ischemic injury and restricts cardiomyocyte death by shutting down electromechanical activity, lowering metabolic demand, stabilizing ionic homeostasis, protecting mitochondrial integrity, and slowing oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling. During ischemia, cardiomyocytes shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, resulting in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, loss of ionic homeostasis and calcium overload that activate proteases, phospholipases and membrane damage. Reperfusion restores oxygen supply and prevents irreversible necrosis but paradoxically initiates additional injury in marginally viable myocardium. The reoxygenation phase induces excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), endothelial dysfunction and a strong inflammatory response mediated by neutrophils, platelets and cytokines. Mitochondrial dysfunction and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) further amplify oxidative stress and inflammation, and trigger apoptosis and necroptosis. Understanding these intertwined cellular and molecular mechanisms remains essential for identifying novel therapeutic targets aimed at reducing reperfusion injury and improving myocardial recovery after ischemic events, particularly in coronary surgery.

Indexed as

Heart Arrest, InducedMyocardial RevascularizationAnimalsHumansMyocardial Reperfusion InjuryOxidative StressapoptosisCABGcardioplegiaischemia–reperfusion injurymitochondrial dysfunctionmyocardial ischemiaoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID41597248
PMCPMC12839858

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.