Evidence mapPaperPMID 41597728Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2026

Early-Life Gut Microbiota: Education of the Immune System and Links to Autoimmune Diseases.

Pleun de Groen, Samantha C Gouw, Nordin M J Hanssen, Max Nieuwdorp, Elena Rampanelli

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. The hallmarks of host-microbiome decoupling.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Pleun de GroenDepartment of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0008-4604-2755
Samantha C GouwDepartment of Pediatric Hematology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nordin M J HanssenDepartment of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9541-7244
Max NieuwdorpDepartment of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1926-7659
Elena RampanelliDepartment of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7742-0092

Funding

BREAKTHROUGH T1D Grant 4-SRA-2025-1766-M-BERC Advanced grant 101141346NWO-VICI grant 2020 09150182010020ZonMw-VIDI grant 2023 09150172210050
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early life is a critical window for immune system development, during which the gut microbiome shapes innate immunity, antigen presentation, and adaptive immune maturation. Disruptions in microbial colonization-driven by factors such as cesarean delivery, antibiotic exposure, and formula feeding-deplete beneficial early-life taxa (e.g.,

Indexed as

dysbiosisearly-life microbiomegut microbiotaimmune developmentlong-term health and disease

Identifiers

PMID41597728
PMCPMC12844163

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.